Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/staluz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *steluz (early Proto-Norse)
• *stalô, *stelô (early Proto-West Germanic (?))

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, place; be stiff; post, trunk”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɑ.luz/

Noun

*staluz m

1. post, stake, stud
2. staff, rod
3. trunk, stalk
4. stump, tail

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *staluz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*staluz	*staliwiz
vocative	*stalu	*staliwiz
accusative	*stalų	*stalunz
genitive	*stalauz	*staliwǫ̂
dative	*staliwi	*stalumaz
instrumental	*stalū	*stalumiz

Derived terms

• *stalukaz

Related terms

• *stallaz
• *stullô
• *stultaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *stalu (*stalō, *stelō ?)
  • Old English: stalu; stæla, steola, stela
    • Middle English: stale; stele
      • English: stale (“post, rung, handle”); stele, steal (“stalk”)
      • Scots: stale; steel, steil, stiel
  • Old Frisian: *stala, *stela
    • Saterland Frisian: Steel
    • West Frisian: stâle
  • Old Saxon: *stalu; *stala; *stelo
    • Middle Low German: stāle, stāl; stel, stēl
      • German Low German: Steel
  • Old Dutch: *stalo; *stelo
    • Middle Dutch: stael; stēle
      • Dutch: staal; steel
  • → Medieval Latin: stalo, stallo
    • Old French: estal, estel
      • ⇒ Old French: estalon
        • Middle French: étalon
          • French: étalon
• Old Norse: stjǫlr
  • Faroese: stjølur
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: stjøl, styl