Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰedʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʷʰedʰ-

1. to request, pray, ask for

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰedʰ-‎ (19 c, 0 e)

• *gʷʰédʰ-ye-ti (ye-present)
• *gʷʰodʰ-éye-ti
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰādʰáyati
    • Proto-Iranian: *gādáyati
• *gʷʰ-ne-dʰ- ~ *gʷʰ-n̥-dʰ- (nasal-infix present)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gend-
    • Lithuanian: gedáuti, gedė́ti, pasigèsti (“to miss”) (1p. pres. pasigendù)
    • Proto-Slavic: *žę̄dàti, *žęďati (see there for further descendants)
• *gʷʰédʰ-ti-s ~ *gʷʰdʰ-téy-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *gʷeddis
    • Proto-Brythonic:
      • Welsh: gweddi
    • Old Irish: geiss (“curse, taboo”)
      • Irish: geis
• *gʷʰedʰ-eh₂
  • Proto-Germanic: *bedō (“request, plea”) (see there for further descendants)
• *gʷʰedʰ-yeh₂
  • Proto-Celtic: *gʷedyā
    • Old Irish: guide (“prayer”)
      • Irish: guí
      • Manx: gwee (“curse, imprecation”)
      • Scottish Gaelic: guidhe
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: գոթի (gotʻi, “worship, sorcery”) (?)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: πόθος (póthos), ποθή (pothḗ), ποθέω (pothéō) (< gʷʰedʰ-s-o-), θέσσασθαι (théssasthai) (< gʷʰedʰ-s-)

References

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 488, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 488
• Derksen, Rick (2008). Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Brill Leiden-Boston, p. 571