Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/pánča

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Proto-Iranian cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : *pánča

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča.

Numeral

*pánča

1. five

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬧𐬗𐬀 (paṇca)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian: *panǰa
    • Proto-Ossetic: *fanǰə
      • Old Ossetic: *fænʒ
        • Ossetian: фондз (fonʒ)
    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *panǰa
      • Proto-Saka: *panja
        • Old Khotanese: [script needed] (paṃjsa)
          • Late Khotanese: [script needed] (pajsa)
        • Tumshuqese: [script needed] (paṃtsi), [script needed] (patsi)
      • Wakhi: panʒ
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Bactrian: πανζο (panzo)
    • Khwarezmian: پنڅ (pnc /⁠*panc⁠/)
    • Proto-Sogdic:
      • Sogdian: (/⁠panč(u)⁠/)

        Sogdian script: [script needed] (pnc), [script needed] (pncw)

        Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫝𐫇 (pncw)

        Syriac script: ܦܢܨ (pnc), ܦܢܨܘ (pncw)

      • Yagnobi: панч (panč)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ormuri-Parachi:
    • Ormuri: پېنڅ (pēnc)
    • Parachi: پونچ (pōnč)
  • Pashto: پنځه (pinźë́)
  • Shughni: пӣнӡ (pīnʒ)
  • Yidgha: پانش (pānš)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: پنچ (panč)
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: پێنج (pênc /⁠pēnǰ⁠/)

    Northern Kurdish: pênc (/⁠pēnǰ⁠/)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
    • Caspian:
      • Gilaki: پٚنج (pənǰ), پنج (panj)
      • Mazanderani: پنج (penǰ)
    • Old Median:
      • Talysh: (/⁠panǰ⁠/)

        Arabic script: پنج

        Latin script: pənc

    • Parthian: (/⁠panǰ⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫋 (pnj)

      • → Middle Persian: (/⁠panǰ⁠/)

        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pnc), [Book Pahlavi needed] (HWMŠYA)

        Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫋 (pnj)

        • Classical Persian: پنج (panj)

          Persian: پنج (panj)

          Tajik: панҷ (panj)

    • Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)
        • Kurdish:

          → Central Kurdish: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)

          → Laki: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)

          → Southern Kurdish: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)

      • Zazaki: panc (/⁠pānǰ⁠/), ponc (/⁠ponǰ⁠/), panj (/⁠pānž⁠/)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: *panča
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠panč(early), panz(late)⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫉 (pnz)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pnc), [Book Pahlavi needed] (HWMŠYA)

      • Classical Persian: پنچ (panč)