Reconstruction:Proto-Mon-Khmer/cʔaaŋ

This Proto-Mon-Khmer entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mon-Khmer

Etymology

• Proto-Mon-Khmer: *cʔaaŋ ~ *cʔaiŋ ~ *cʔi()ŋ (Shorto, 2006, #488)

Cognate with Proto-Munda *ɟaŋ (whence Santali ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)).

Noun

*cʔaaŋ

1. bone

Descendants

• Aslian: ɟəʔaaŋ (Phillips, 2012)
  • Jah Hut: ʒǝʔaŋ
  • Jahaic:
    • Cheq Wong: jəʔeŋ
    • Jahai: ɟʔeŋ
    • Kensiu: ʔiʔiŋ
  • Senoic:
    • Semai: je'aak
    • Temiar: jeak
  • Semelaic:
    • Semaq Beri: ʒǝʔaŋ
    • Semelai: ɟəʔaŋ
• Proto-Katuic: *ʔŋhaaŋ (Sidwell, 2005) (through some phonetic process)
  • Pacoh: nghang
  • Kui: ŋhaːŋ
  • Eastern Katu: n'hang
  • Eastern Bru: nghang
• Khasian: *ʧʔɛːŋ (Sidwell, 2018)
  • Khasi: sh'ing, 'ing
  • Lyngngam :
    • Nangstoin: cʔeŋ
    • Rongrin: tʃɁiaŋ
• Khmeric:
  • Khmer: ឆ្អឹង (chʼəng)
• Proto-Khmuic: *ɟʔaː₁ŋ (Sidwell, 2013)
  • Khmu: cʔaːŋ
  • Phong: sɁiːŋ
  • Mlabri: ɟiʔɛɛŋ
  • Thin: ʔiəŋ
• Mangic:
  • Mang: caːŋ⁴
• Nicobaric: *-ʔiŋ (Sidwell, 2018)
  • Central Nicobaric:
    • Nancowry: ong-eng
• Proto-Palaungic: *cənʔaːŋ (Sidwell, 2015)
  • Danaw: kᵊnɑŋ⁴
  • Lawa: saʔaŋ ~ səʔaŋ
  • Palaung:
    • Shwe:
      • Sam-Loong: က်ုန်အာင်
  • Plang:
    • La Gang: sá.ʔáŋ
    • Man Noi: sá.ʔáŋ
• Proto-Vietic: *ɟaːŋ/*tʃɨəŋ < *tʃ-ʔaːŋ (Ferlus, 2007)
  • Arem: sìəŋ
  • Chut:
    • Rục: saːŋ²
    • Sách: saːŋ²
  • Kha Phong: cɐːŋ²
  • Tho:
    • Cuối Chăm: sɨəŋ¹
    • Làng Lỡ: sɨəŋ¹
  • Malieng: saːŋ²
  • Viet-Muong:
    • Muong:
      • Hoà Bình: xương
      • Bi: xiêng
    • Middle Vietnamese: 𩩪 (xương), 𩩫 (xương)
      • Vietnamese: xương