Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/cěniti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainītei. Morphologically from *cěna +‎ *-iti. Cognate with Latvian cienīt (“to respect”) (from cieņa (“respect”). The similar cena (“price”) is a Slavic borrowing), Lithuanian káininti (“to price, value”) (from kaina).

Verb

*cěnìti

1. to evaluate, value

Inflection

Conjugation of *cěniti, *cěni, *cěnitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*cěňenьje	*cěniti	*cěnitъ	*cěnilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*cěňenъ	*cěnimъ
Active	*cěňь	*cěnę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*cěnixъ	*cěni	*cěni	*cěňǫ	*cěniši	*cěnitь
Dual	*cěnixově	*cěnista	*cěniste	*cěnivě	*cěnita	*cěnite
Plural	*cěnixomъ	*cěniste	*cěnišę	*cěnimъ	*cěnite	*cěnętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*cěňaaxъ	*cěňaaše	*cěňaaše	—	*cěni	*cěni
Dual	*cěňaaxově	*cěňaašeta	*cěňaašete	*cěnivě	*cěnita	—
Plural	*cěňaaxomъ	*cěňaašete	*cěňaaxǫ	*cěnimъ	*cěnite	—

Notes:
• (*)*cěnivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *cěna

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: цаніць (canicʹ)
  • Russian: цени́ть (cenítʹ)
  • Ukrainian: цінити (cinyty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: цѣнити (cěniti)

    Glagolitic script: ⱌⱑⱀⰻⱅⰻ (cěniti)

  • Bulgarian: ценя́ (cenjá)
  • Macedonian: цени (ceni)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: це́нити, ци́нити, ције́нити

    Latin script: céniti, cíniti, cijéniti

  • Slovene: ceniti
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: cěniti
    • Czech: cenit
  • Polish: cenić
  • Slovak: ceniť