Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gaditi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *gadъ, *gadь +‎ *-iti, likely from *gʷeh₁dʰ- (“to defile”).

Verb

*gàditi impf

1. to creep out, to disgust
2. to sully, to defile
3. (reflexive) to loathe

Inflection

Conjugation of *gaditi, *gadi, *gaditь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gaďenьje	*gaditi	*gaditъ	*gadilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gaďenъ	*gadimъ
Active	*gaďь	*gadę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gadixъ	*gadi	*gadi	*gaďǫ	*gadiši	*gaditь
Dual	*gadixově	*gadista	*gadiste	*gadivě	*gadita	*gadite
Plural	*gadixomъ	*gadiste	*gadišę	*gadimъ	*gadite	*gadętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gaďaaxъ	*gaďaaše	*gaďaaše	—	*gadi	*gadi
Dual	*gaďaaxově	*gaďaašeta	*gaďaašete	*gadivě	*gadita	—
Plural	*gaďaaxomъ	*gaďaašete	*gaďaaxǫ	*gadimъ	*gadite	—

Notes:
• (*)*gadivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *gadovati (“to taint, to tar”)
• *gyditi (“to soil, to stain”)
• *žadati (“to dread”) (possibly)

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: гадити (gaditi)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: гадити (gaditi) (12th century)
    • Belarusian: га́дзіць (hádzicʹ)
    • Russian: га́дить (gáditʹ)
    • Ukrainian: га́дити (hádyty)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: га́дя (gádja)
  • Macedonian: гади (gadi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: га̏дити

    Latin script: gȁditi

  • Slovene: gáditi (tonal orthography) (obsolete)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: hadit
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: gaźiś (archaic)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gaditi (sę) I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 79
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “га́дить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress