Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grěza

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Not entirely clear. Possibly related to Lithuanian graižùs (“deformed, awry”), grai̇̃žas (“rim”), Latvian greizs (“slant, crooked”).

Some dialectal forms seem to have merged with the descendants of Proto-Slavic *gręzь, *gręza (“sludge, grime, mess”).

Noun

*grěza f

1. dream, delirium, delusion, confusion

   Synonyms: *mara, *zablǫda, *belnъ

Alternative forms

• *grězъ m

Declension

Declension of *grěza (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*grěza	*grězě	*grězy
genitive	*grězy	*grězu	*grězъ
dative	*grězě	*grězama	*grězamъ
accusative	*grězǫ	*grězě	*grězy
instrumental	*grězojǫ, *grězǫ**	*grězama	*grězami
locative	*grězě	*grězu	*grězasъ, *grězaxъ*
vocative	*grězo	*grězě	*grězy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *grěziti (“to daydream, to confuse”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: грѣза (grěza), грѣзъ m (grězŭ)
    • Russian: гре́за (gréza); грёза (grjóza) (possibly from earlier *grьza), грезь (grezʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: съгрѣза (sŭgrěza, “confusion”)

Further reading

• Anikin, A. E. (2018) “грёза”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 12 (грак – дбать), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 70
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “грёза”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grěza”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 119
• “graižus”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012