Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kašьľati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Denominative verb derived from *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kāˀsulia, *kāˀslia, from *kāˀs-, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s-.

Cognates include Lithuanian kósėti (“to cough”) (1sg. kósiu), kósti (“to cough”), Latvian kãsêt (“to cough”), Lithuanian kosulỹs (“cough”), Latvian kãsulis, kãsus, kãsa, kãsis (“cough”), Sanskrit कासते (kā́sate, “to cough”), कास (kāsa, “cough”), कासिका (kā́sikā, “cough”), Old High German huosto, hwuosto (“cough”), Old English hwōsta (“cough”), Albanian kollë (“cough”), Middle Irish cosachtach (“cough, coughing”), Welsh pâs (“whooping cough”).

Verb

*kašьľati impf

1. to cough

Inflection

Conjugation of *kašьľati, *kašьľa, *kašьľajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*kašьľanьje	*kašьľati	*kašьľatъ	*kašьľalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*kašьľanъ	*kašьľajemъ
Active	*kašьľavъ	*kašьľaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*kašьľaxъ	*kašьľa	*kašьľa	*kašьľajǫ	*kašьľaješi	*kašьľajetь
Dual	*kašьľaxově	*kašьľasta	*kašьľaste	*kašьľajevě	*kašьľajeta	*kašьľajete
Plural	*kašьľaxomъ	*kašьľaste	*kašьľašę	*kašьľajemъ	*kašьľajete	*kašьľajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*kašьľaaxъ	*kašьľaaše	*kašьľaaše	—	*kašьľaji	*kašьľaji
Dual	*kašьľaaxově	*kašьľaašeta	*kašьľaašete	*kašьľajivě	*kašьľajita	—
Plural	*kašьľaaxomъ	*kašьľaašete	*kašьľaaxǫ	*kašьľajimъ	*kašьľajite	—

Related terms

• *kašьľь, *kašľь (“cough”)

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: кашьлꙗти (kašĭljati)

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: ка́шляць (kášljacʹ)
  • Russian: ка́шлять (kášljatʹ)
  • Ukrainian: ка́шляти (kášljaty)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: ка́шля (kášlja), ка́шлям (kášljam)
  • Macedonian: кашла (kašla)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ка̀шљати

    Latin script: kàšljati

  • Slovene: kȃšljati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: kašlat
  • Polabian: koslĕ (3sg.)
  • Polish: kaszlać, kaszleć, kasłać
  • Slovak: kašlať
  • Slovincian: kaszlac
  • Sorbian:
    • ⇒ Upper Sorbian: kašlować
    • Lower Sorbian: kašliś, kašlaś

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kaš(ь)liti / *kaš(ь)l’ati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 160