Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/olkati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *álˀktei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁olHk-, with the second laryngeal required to account for the acute tone in Balto-Slavic; but perhaps more commonly reconstructed as coming from Proto-Indo-European *h₁elḱ- (e.g. Rasmussen (p. 199) reconstructs *h₁e-h₁olk- > Proto-Balto-Slavic *ōlk-), compare Proto-Indo-European *h₁élḱos (“sore, ulcer”). Cognate with Lithuanian álkti (“to be hungry”) (1sg. álkstu, 1sg. past álkau), Latvian al̂kt (“to be hungry”) (1sg. al̂kstu), Old Prussian alkīns (“sober, skinny”), Old High German ilgi (“hunger, gnashing of the teeth”), probably also Old Norse illr (“evil”) < Proto-Germanic *ilhilaz.

Verb

*òlkati impf

1. to be hungry

Inflection

Conjugation of *olkati, *olka, *olčetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*olkanьje	*olkati	*olkatъ	*olkalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*olkanъ	*olčemъ
Active	*olkavъ	*olčę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*olkaxъ	*olka	*olka	*olčǫ	*olčeši	*olčetь
Dual	*olkaxově	*olkasta	*olkaste	*olčevě	*olčeta	*olčete
Plural	*olkaxomъ	*olkaste	*olkašę	*olčemъ	*olčete	*olčǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*olkaaxъ	*olkaaše	*olkaaše	—	*olči	*olči
Dual	*olkaaxově	*olkaašeta	*olkaašete	*olčivě	*olčita	—
Plural	*olkaaxomъ	*olkaašete	*olkaaxǫ	*olčimъ	*olčite	—

Related terms

• *òlčьnъ (“hungry”)
• *òlkomъ (“greedy”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: лакати (lakati, “to crave”)
    • Russian: лака́ть (lakátʹ, “to crave”)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: алъкати (alŭkati, “to be hungry, to fast”); лакати (lakati, “to be hungry, to fast”)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

    • → Old East Slavic: алкати (alkati, “to crave”), алъкати (alŭkati)
      • Russian: алка́ть (alkátʹ, “to crave, to hunger for; (obsolete) to be hungry”)
  • Slovene: lákati (“to be hungry, to be greedy, to starve”) (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: lákati (“to crave”)
  • Polish: (łaknąć (“to feel hunger for, to crave”))
  • Slovak: lákať
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: łakaś (“to show desire, to stalk”)

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*òlkati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 367
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “алка́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ла́кать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Rasmussen, J.E. (1999) “Stray Indo-European notes”, in Selected papers on Indo-European linguistics. With a selection on comparative Eskimo linguistics, volume I, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, pages 199–205
• Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*olkati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 57