Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pertiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Causative derivative of *pertъ (“trim, ordered”) +‎ *-iti, commonly interpreted as a t-extension of Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to propel, forwards”).

Verb

pertíti impf (perfective *pertnǫti)

1. to order
2. to forbid, to ban
3. to oppose

Inflection

Conjugation of *pertiti, *perti, *pertitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*perťenьje	*pertiti	*pertitъ	*pertilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*perťenъ	*pertimъ
Active	*perťь	*pertę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pertixъ	*perti	*perti	*perťǫ	*pertiši	*pertitь
Dual	*pertixově	*pertista	*pertiste	*pertivě	*pertita	*pertite
Plural	*pertixomъ	*pertiste	*pertišę	*pertimъ	*pertite	*pertętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*perťaaxъ	*perťaaše	*perťaaše	—	*perti	*perti
Dual	*perťaaxově	*perťaašeta	*perťaašete	*pertivě	*pertita	—
Plural	*perťaaxomъ	*perťaašete	*perťaaxǫ	*pertimъ	*pertite	—

Notes:
• (*)*pertivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *pertьnъ (“arranged, organized”)
• *perti (“to oppose”)
• *portiti (“to propel, to send”)
• *pъrtiti (“to expire”)
• *perčiti

Derived terms

• *pertъka (“texture”)
• *zapertiti (“to prohibit”)
• *vъzpertiti (“to obstruct”)
• *otъpertiti (“to evict”)

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: прѣтити (prětiti)
    • → Russian: прети́ть (pretítʹ)
  • Bulgarian: претя (pretja, “to command, to order”) (obsolete)
    • ⇒ Bulgarian: запретя̀вам (zapretjàvam) (literary)
  • Macedonian: пре́та (préta, “to move frenetically (when one is supposed to be still)”)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пре́тити (“to threaten”), прије́тити

    Latin script: prétiti (“to threaten”), prijétiti

  • Slovene: pretīti (“to threaten”)
• West Slavic:
  • Sorbian:

    Upper Sorbian: pśěśiś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “претить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “претя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 680