Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zъlo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *zъlъ (“bad”) +‎ *-o.

Noun

*zъlo n

1. evil

Declension

Declension of *zъlo (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*zъlo	*zъlě	*zъla
genitive	*zъla	*zъlu	*zъlъ
dative	*zъlu	*zъloma	*zъlomъ
accusative	*zъlo	*zъlě	*zъla
instrumental	*zъlъmь, *zъlomь*	*zъloma	*zъly
locative	*zъlě	*zъlu	*zъlěxъ
vocative	*zъlo	*zъlě	*zъla

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: зъло (zŭlo)
    • Old Ruthenian: зло (zlo)
      • Belarusian: зло (zlo)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: зло (zlo)
      • Ukrainian: зло (zlo)
    • Russian: зло (zlo)
  • Old Novgorodian: ꙁъло (zŭlo)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Glagolitic script: ⰸⱏⰾⱁ (zŭlo)

    Old Cyrillic script: зъло (zŭlo)

    • Bulgarian: зло (zlo)
    • Macedonian: зло (zlo)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: зло̏

    Latin script: zlȍ

  • Slovene: zlȍ (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: zlo
  • Polish: zło
  • Slovak: zlo
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: zło

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1967) “злой”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Е – Муж), Moscow: Progress, page 99