Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/orman

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *or- +‎ *-man. The first stem may be compared to Proto-Tungusic *pure (“forest”), if from earlier *hor-. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*orman

1. forest

Declension

Declension of *orman

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*orman
Accusative	*ormannï, *ormanïg 4), *ormannïg 1)
Genitive	*ormannïŋ
Dative	*ormanka
Locative	*ormanta
Ablative	*ormantan
Allative	*ormangaru
Instrumental 2)	*ormanïn
Equative 2)	*ormanča
Similative 2)	*ormanlayu
Comitative 2)	*ormanlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

• Oghur
  • Chuvash: вӑрман (vărman)
• Common Turkic

• Medieval:
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (orman)
• Oghuz:
  • Turkish: orman
  • Azerbaijani: orman (poetic)
  • Turkmen: ormon (dialectal)
  • Gagauz: orman (“vegetable garden”)
  • Salar: ormän
• Karluk:
  • Uyghur: ئورمان (orman)
  • Uzbek: oʻrmon
• Kypchak:
  • North Kipchak
    • Tatar: урман (urman)
    • Bashkir: урман (urman)
  • South Kipchak
    • Kazakh: орман (orman)
    • Karakalpak: орман, orman
    • Nogai: орман (orman)
  • East Kipchak
    • Kyrgyz: ормон (ormon)
  • West Kipchak
    • Crimean Tatar: orman
    • Kumyk: орман (orman)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*orman”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill