barbara

See also: Barbara, bárbara, barbará, barbára, Barbára, barbarà, and Bárbara

English

Etymology

From the name Barbara; chosen because it has three A's in it representing universal affirmatives.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈbɑɹb(ə)ɹə/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈbɑːb(ə)ɹə/
• Hyphenation: bar‧ba‧ra

Noun

barbara (plural barbaras)

1. (logic) A syllogism in which all three propositions are of the form "All X are Y" or "X is a Y".

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbar.ba.ra/
• Rhymes: -arbara
• Hyphenation: bàr‧ba‧ra

Noun

barbara f (plural barbare)

1. female equivalent of barbaro

Adjective

barbara f sg

1. feminine singular of barbaro

Anagrams

• abbarra

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈbar.ba.ra/, [ˈbärbärä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈbar.ba.ra/, [ˈbärbärä]

Etymology 1

From barbarus: as a noun, a substantivisation of its feminine forms in elliptical use for fēmina barbara (the formation is novel to Latin; the Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros) is an adjective of two endings, whose masculine and feminine forms are isomorphic); as an adjective, regularly declined forms.

Noun

barbara f (genitive barbarae); first declension

1. a wild, savage, cruel, barbarous, shameless, or immodest woman

   Synonym: inverēcunda

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	barbara	barbarae
Genitive	barbarae	barbarārum
Dative	barbarae	barbarīs
Accusative	barbaram	barbarās
Ablative	barbarā	barbarīs
Vocative	barbara	barbarae

Adjective

barbara

1. inflection of barbarus:
   1. nominative/vocative singular feminine
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural neuter

Adjective

barbarā

1. ablative singular feminine of barbarus

References

• “barbăra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• 1. BARBARA in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “barbara” on page 225/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βαρβάρα (barbára).

Noun

barbara f (genitive barbarae); first declension

1. (medicine) a kind of plaster

   Synonym: barbarum

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	barbara	barbarae
Genitive	barbarae	barbarārum
Dative	barbarae	barbarīs
Accusative	barbaram	barbarās
Ablative	barbarā	barbarīs
Vocative	barbara	barbarae

References

• barbăra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 207/2.
• “barbara” on page 225/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Spanish

Verb

barbara

1. first/third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of barbar