boulanger

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See also: Boulanger

English[edit]

Noun[edit]

boulanger (plural boulangers)

  1. (Guyana) Eggplant; aubergine.

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From French beringène,[1] from Spanish berenjena,[2] from Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān), from Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân). Compare Antillean French bélangère ("aubergine")[3] and Guadeloupean Creole French bélanjè ("aubergine").[4] Doublet of aubergine.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Suriname) IPA(key): /bu.lɑ̃.ʃeːi̯/, /bu.lɑ̃.ʃeː/
  • (Netherlands) IPA(key): /bu.lɑ̃.ʒeː/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: bou‧lan‧ger

Noun[edit]

boulanger m (plural boulangers, diminutive boulangertje n)

  1. (Suriname) Solanum melongena; eggplant, aubergine.
    • 1937 May 12, “CHATILLON”, in De Surinamer : nieuws- en advertentieblad‎[1], page 4:
      Vroeger werden allerlei soort groenten opgediend, daarbij wist men nog: het is van mijn eigen grondje. Tegenwoordig alleen boulanger en kouseband en daar zorgt de leverancier in de stad voor.
      In the old days, all kinds of vegetables were served, and people still knew: it comes from my own allotment. Nowadays only aubergines and yardlong beans [are served] and the supplier in town takes care of that.

References[edit]

  1. ^ J. van Donselaar (2013) Woordenboek van het Nederlands in Suriname van 1667 tot 1876, Amsterdam/The Hague: Meertens Instituut/Nederlandse Taalunie, →ISBN, page 49
  2. ^ R. Arveiller (1969) “Les noms français de l'aubergine”, in Revue de linguistique romane, page 225
  3. ^ Jean-Pierre Jeantheau (2015 July) “La dictée dans les enquêtes sur la « littéracie » des adultes ; pratiques, résultats, exemples d’analyse, perspectives”, in Catherine Brissaud, Clara Mortamet, editors, Glottopol: revue de sociolinguistique en ligne, Laboratoire Dysola – Université de Rouen, →ISSN, page 202
  4. ^ Henry Tourneux, Maurice Barbotin (1990) Dictionnaire pratique du créole de Guadeloupe (Marie-Galante) ; suivi d'un index français-créole, KARTHALA Editions, →ISBN, page 48

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Middle French boulanger, from Old French boulanger, bolengier (“baker”), from Old Picard boulenc (“bun-maker, bread-maker”), of Germanic origin, from Low Frankish *bollā (“bun”) + -enc (“-ing”), from Frankish *-ing (“-ing”), from Proto-Germanic *-ingaz (“-ing”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

boulanger m (plural boulangers, feminine boulangère)

  1. baker

Derived terms[edit]

Verb[edit]

boulanger

  1. (rare) to prepare and bake bread

Conjugation[edit]

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written boulange- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of boulanger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple boulanger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple boulangeant
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle boulangé
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present boulange
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/ 		boulanges
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/ 		boulange
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/ 		boulangeons
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ 		boulangez
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒe/ 		boulangent
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect boulangeais
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/ 		boulangeais
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/ 		boulangeait
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/ 		boulangions
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ 		boulangiez
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒje/ 		boulangeaient
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/
past historic2 boulangeai
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒe/ 		boulangeas
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒa/ 		boulangea
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒa/ 		boulangeâmes
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒam/ 		boulangeâtes
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒat/ 		boulangèrent
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɛʁ/
future boulangerai
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ 		boulangeras
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ 		boulangera
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ 		boulangerons
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ 		boulangerez
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ 		boulangeront
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional boulangerais
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ 		boulangerais
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ 		boulangerait
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ 		boulangerions
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		boulangeriez
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒə.ʁje/ 		boulangeraient
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present boulange
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/ 		boulanges
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/ 		boulange
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/ 		boulangions
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ 		boulangiez
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒje/ 		boulangent
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect2 boulangeasse
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒas/ 		boulangeasses
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒas/ 		boulangeât
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒa/ 		boulangeassions
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ 		boulangeassiez
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒa.sje/ 		boulangeassent
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — boulange
/bu.lɑ̃ʒ/ 		— boulangeons
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ 		boulangez
/bu.lɑ̃.ʒe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading[edit]

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