củng cố
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See also: cứng cổ
Vietnamese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Sino-Vietnamese word from 鞏固.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˧˩ ko˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˧˨ kow˨˩˦]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ kow˦˥]
Verb[edit]
- (transitive) to strengthen; to solidify; to consolidate; to fortify