csüng
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Hungarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unknown, split from the earlier csügg (“to hang, dangle; cling”).[1][2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
csüng
- (intransitive) to hang, to dangle
- (intransitive) to cling to someone or something (with -n/-on/-en/-ön)
- (intransitive) Synonym of csügg, to hang on someone's words (to pay close attention to, or regard with admiration) (with -n/-on/-en/-ön)
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of csüng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | csüngök | csüngsz | csüng | csüngünk | csüngtök | csüngnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | csüngtem | csüngtél | csüngött | csüngtünk | csüngtetek | csüngtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. csüngni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | csüngék | csüngél | csünge | csüngénk | csüngétek | csüngének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. csüng vala, csüngött vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | csüngendek | csüngendesz | csüngend | csüngendünk | csüngendetek | csüngendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | csüngnék | csüngnél | csüngne | csüngnénk | csüngnétek | csüngnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. csüngött volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | csüngjek | csüngj or csüngjél |
csüngjön | csüngjünk | csüngjetek | csüngjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. csüngött légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | csüngni | csüngnöm | csüngnöd | csüngnie | csüngnünk | csüngnötök | csüngniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| csüngés | csüngő | csüngött | ― | csüngve (csüngvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of csüng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | csünghetek | csünghetsz | csünghet | csünghetünk | csünghettek | csünghetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | csünghettem | csünghettél | csünghetett | csünghettünk | csünghettetek | csünghettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | csüngheték | csünghetél | csünghete | csüngheténk | csünghetétek | csünghetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. csünghet vala, csünghetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | csünghetendek or csüngandhatok |
csünghetendesz or csüngandhatsz |
csünghetend or csüngandhat |
csünghetendünk or csüngandhatunk |
csünghetendetek or csüngandhattok |
csünghetendenek or csüngandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | csünghetnék | csünghetnél | csünghetne | csünghetnénk | csünghetnétek | csünghetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. csünghetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | csünghessek | csünghess or csünghessél |
csünghessen | csünghessünk | csünghessetek | csünghessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. csünghetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (csünghetni) | (csünghetnem) | (csünghetned) | (csünghetnie) | (csünghetnünk) | (csünghetnetek) | (csünghetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (csünghetve / csünghetvén) | ||||
or
conjugation of csüng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | csüngök | csüngesz | csüng | csüngünk | csüngötök | csüngenek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | csüngöttem | csüngöttél | csüngött | csüngöttünk | csüngöttetek | csüngöttek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. csüngeni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | csüngék | csüngél | csünge | csüngénk | csüngétek | csüngének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. csüng vala, csüngött vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | csüngendek | csüngendesz | csüngend | csüngendünk | csüngendetek | csüngendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | csüngenék | csüngenél | csüngene | csüngenénk | csüngenétek | csüngenének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. csüngött volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | csüngjek | csüngj or csüngjél |
csüngjön | csüngjünk | csüngjetek | csüngjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. csüngött légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | csüngeni | csüngenem | csüngened | csüngenie | csüngenünk | csüngenetek | csüngeniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| csüngés | csüngő | csüngött | ― | csüngve (csüngvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of csüng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | csünghetek | csünghetsz | csünghet | csünghetünk | csünghettek | csünghetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | csünghettem | csünghettél | csünghetett | csünghettünk | csünghettetek | csünghettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | csüngheték | csünghetél | csünghete | csüngheténk | csünghetétek | csünghetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. csünghet vala, csünghetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | csünghetendek or csüngandhatok |
csünghetendesz or csüngandhatsz |
csünghetend or csüngandhat |
csünghetendünk or csüngandhatunk |
csünghetendetek or csüngandhattok |
csünghetendenek or csüngandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | csünghetnék | csünghetnél | csünghetne | csünghetnénk | csünghetnétek | csünghetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. csünghetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | csünghessek | csünghess or csünghessél |
csünghessen | csünghessünk | csünghessetek | csünghessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. csünghetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (csünghetni) | (csünghetnem) | (csünghetned) | (csünghetnie) | (csünghetnünk) | (csünghetnetek) | (csünghetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (csünghetve / csünghetvén) | ||||
See also its conjugation at E-Szókincs.
Derived terms[edit]
(With verbal prefixes):
References[edit]
- ^ csüng in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ csüng in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
Further reading[edit]
- csüng in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
- csüng in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN