gqaja

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ᶢǃʱaːdʒa/

Verb

-gqaja

1. (intransitive) to be conceited, to be uppity
2. (intransitive) to be proud

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukugqaja
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukugqaja	ukungagqaji
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	gqaja	-gqaje
Plural	gqajani	-gqajeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyagqaja, ngigqaja	engigqajayo, engigqaja	ngigqaja	angigqaji	engingagqaji	ngingagqaji
2nd singular	uyagqaja, ugqaja	ogqajayo, ogqaja	ugqaja	awugqaji	ongagqaji	ungagqaji
1st plural	siyagqaja, sigqaja	esigqajayo, esigqaja	sigqaja	asigqaji	esingagqaji	singagqaji
2nd plural	niyagqaja, nigqaja	enigqajayo, enigqaja	nigqaja	anigqaji	eningagqaji	ningagqaji
Class 1	uyagqaja, ugqaja	ogqajayo, ogqaja	egqaja	akagqaji	ongagqaji	engagqaji
Class 2	bayagqaja, bagqaja	abagqajayo, abagqaja	begqaja	abagqaji	abangagqaji	bengagqaji
Class 3	uyagqaja, ugqaja	ogqajayo, ogqaja	ugqaja	awugqaji	ongagqaji	ungagqaji
Class 4	iyagqaja, igqaja	egqajayo, egqaja	igqaja	ayigqaji	engagqaji	ingagqaji
Class 5	liyagqaja, ligqaja	eligqajayo, eligqaja	ligqaja	aligqaji	elingagqaji	lingagqaji
Class 6	ayagqaja, agqaja	agqajayo, agqaja	egqaja	awagqaji	angagqaji	engagqaji
Class 7	siyagqaja, sigqaja	esigqajayo, esigqaja	sigqaja	asigqaji	esingagqaji	singagqaji
Class 8	ziyagqaja, zigqaja	ezigqajayo, ezigqaja	zigqaja	azigqaji	ezingagqaji	zingagqaji
Class 9	iyagqaja, igqaja	egqajayo, egqaja	igqaja	ayigqaji	engagqaji	ingagqaji
Class 10	ziyagqaja, zigqaja	ezigqajayo, ezigqaja	zigqaja	azigqaji	ezingagqaji	zingagqaji
Class 11	luyagqaja, lugqaja	olugqajayo, olugqaja	lugqaja	alugqaji	olungagqaji	lungagqaji
Class 14	buyagqaja, bugqaja	obugqajayo, obugqaja	bugqaja	abugqaji	obungagqaji	bungagqaji
Class 15	kuyagqaja, kugqaja	okugqajayo, okugqaja	kugqaja	akugqaji	okungagqaji	kungagqaji
Class 17	kuyagqaja, kugqaja	okugqajayo, okugqaja	kugqaja	akugqaji	okungagqaji	kungagqaji
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngigqajile, ngigqajē	engigqajile, engigqajē	ngigqajile, ngigqajē	angigqajanga	engingagqajanga	ngingagqajanga
2nd singular	ugqajile, ugqajē	ogqajile, ogqajē	ugqajile, ugqajē	awugqajanga	ongagqajanga	ungagqajanga
1st plural	sigqajile, sigqajē	esigqajile, esigqajē	sigqajile, sigqajē	asigqajanga	esingagqajanga	singagqajanga
2nd plural	nigqajile, nigqajē	enigqajile, enigqajē	nigqajile, nigqajē	anigqajanga	eningagqajanga	ningagqajanga
Class 1	ugqajile, ugqajē	ogqajile, ogqajē	egqajile, egqajē	akagqajanga	ongagqajanga	engagqajanga
Class 2	bagqajile, bagqajē	abagqajile, abagqajē	begqajile, begqajē	abagqajanga	abangagqajanga	bengagqajanga
Class 3	ugqajile, ugqajē	ogqajile, ogqajē	ugqajile, ugqajē	awugqajanga	ongagqajanga	ungagqajanga
Class 4	igqajile, igqajē	egqajile, egqajē	igqajile, igqajē	ayigqajanga	engagqajanga	ingagqajanga
Class 5	ligqajile, ligqajē	eligqajile, eligqajē	ligqajile, ligqajē	aligqajanga	elingagqajanga	lingagqajanga
Class 6	agqajile, agqajē	agqajile, agqajē	egqajile, egqajē	awagqajanga	angagqajanga	engagqajanga
Class 7	sigqajile, sigqajē	esigqajile, esigqajē	sigqajile, sigqajē	asigqajanga	esingagqajanga	singagqajanga
Class 8	zigqajile, zigqajē	ezigqajile, ezigqajē	zigqajile, zigqajē	azigqajanga	ezingagqajanga	zingagqajanga
Class 9	igqajile, igqajē	egqajile, egqajē	igqajile, igqajē	ayigqajanga	engagqajanga	ingagqajanga
Class 10	zigqajile, zigqajē	ezigqajile, ezigqajē	zigqajile, zigqajē	azigqajanga	ezingagqajanga	zingagqajanga
Class 11	lugqajile, lugqajē	olugqajile, olugqajē	lugqajile, lugqajē	alugqajanga	olungagqajanga	lungagqajanga
Class 14	bugqajile, bugqajē	obugqajile, obugqajē	bugqajile, bugqajē	abugqajanga	obungagqajanga	bungagqajanga
Class 15	kugqajile, kugqajē	okugqajile, okugqajē	kugqajile, kugqajē	akugqajanga	okungagqajanga	kungagqajanga
Class 17	kugqajile, kugqajē	okugqajile, okugqajē	kugqajile, kugqajē	akugqajanga	okungagqajanga	kungagqajanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāgqaja	engāgqaja	ngāgqaja	angigqajanga	engingagqajanga	ngingagqajanga
2nd singular	wāgqaja	owāgqaja	wāgqaja	awugqajanga	ongagqajanga	ungagqajanga
1st plural	sāgqaja	esāgqaja	sāgqaja	asigqajanga	esingagqajanga	singagqajanga
2nd plural	nāgqaja	enāgqaja	nāgqaja	anigqajanga	eningagqajanga	ningagqajanga
Class 1	wāgqaja	owāgqaja	āgqaja	akagqajanga	ongagqajanga	engagqajanga
Class 2	bāgqaja	abāgqaja	bāgqaja	abagqajanga	abangagqajanga	bengagqajanga
Class 3	wāgqaja	owāgqaja	wāgqaja	awugqajanga	ongagqajanga	ungagqajanga
Class 4	yāgqaja	eyāgqaja	yāgqaja	ayigqajanga	engagqajanga	ingagqajanga
Class 5	lāgqaja	elāgqaja	lāgqaja	aligqajanga	elingagqajanga	lingagqajanga
Class 6	āgqaja	āgqaja	āgqaja	awagqajanga	angagqajanga	engagqajanga
Class 7	sāgqaja	esāgqaja	sāgqaja	asigqajanga	esingagqajanga	singagqajanga
Class 8	zāgqaja	ezāgqaja	zāgqaja	azigqajanga	ezingagqajanga	zingagqajanga
Class 9	yāgqaja	eyāgqaja	yāgqaja	ayigqajanga	engagqajanga	ingagqajanga
Class 10	zāgqaja	ezāgqaja	zāgqaja	azigqajanga	ezingagqajanga	zingagqajanga
Class 11	lwāgqaja	olwāgqaja	lwāgqaja	alugqajanga	olungagqajanga	lungagqajanga
Class 14	bāgqaja	obāgqaja	bāgqaja	abugqajanga	obungagqajanga	bungagqajanga
Class 15	kwāgqaja	okwāgqaja	kwāgqaja	akugqajanga	okungagqajanga	kungagqajanga
Class 17	kwāgqaja	okwāgqaja	kwāgqaja	akugqajanga	okungagqajanga	kungagqajanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingagqaja	—	ngingagqaja	ngingegqaje	—	ngingegqaje
2nd singular	ungagqaja	—	ungagqaja	ungegqaje	—	ungegqaje
1st plural	singagqaja	—	singagqaja	singegqaje	—	singegqaje
2nd plural	ningagqaja	—	ningagqaja	ningegqaje	—	ningegqaje
Class 1	angagqaja	—	engagqaja	angegqaje	—	engegqaje
Class 2	bangagqaja	—	bengagqaja	bangegqaje	—	bengegqaje
Class 3	ungagqaja	—	ungagqaja	ungegqaje	—	ungegqaje
Class 4	ingagqaja	—	ingagqaja	ingegqaje	—	ingegqaje
Class 5	lingagqaja	—	lingagqaja	lingegqaje	—	lingegqaje
Class 6	angagqaja	—	engagqaja	angegqaje	—	engegqaje
Class 7	singagqaja	—	singagqaja	singegqaje	—	singegqaje
Class 8	zingagqaja	—	zingagqaja	zingegqaje	—	zingegqaje
Class 9	ingagqaja	—	ingagqaja	ingegqaje	—	ingegqaje
Class 10	zingagqaja	—	zingagqaja	zingegqaje	—	zingegqaje
Class 11	lungagqaja	—	lungagqaja	lungegqaje	—	lungegqaje
Class 14	bungagqaja	—	bungagqaja	bungegqaje	—	bungegqaje
Class 15	kungagqaja	—	kungagqaja	kungegqaje	—	kungegqaje
Class 17	kungagqaja	—	kungagqaja	kungegqaje	—	kungegqaje
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizogqaja	engizogqaja	ngizogqaja	angizugqaja	engingezugqaja	ngingezugqaja
2nd singular	uzogqaja	ozogqaja	uzogqaja	awuzugqaja	ongezugqaja	ungezugqaja
1st plural	sizogqaja	esizogqaja	sizogqaja	asizugqaja	esingezugqaja	singezugqaja
2nd plural	nizogqaja	enizogqaja	nizogqaja	anizugqaja	eningezugqaja	ningezugqaja
Class 1	uzogqaja	ozogqaja	ezogqaja	akazugqaja	ongezugqaja	engezugqaja
Class 2	bazogqaja	abazogqaja	bezogqaja	abazugqaja	abangezugqaja	bengezugqaja
Class 3	uzogqaja	ozogqaja	uzogqaja	awuzugqaja	ongezugqaja	ungezugqaja
Class 4	izogqaja	ezogqaja	izogqaja	ayizugqaja	engezugqaja	ingezugqaja
Class 5	lizogqaja	elizogqaja	lizogqaja	alizugqaja	elingezugqaja	lingezugqaja
Class 6	azogqaja	azogqaja	ezogqaja	awazugqaja	angezugqaja	engezugqaja
Class 7	sizogqaja	esizogqaja	sizogqaja	asizugqaja	esingezugqaja	singezugqaja
Class 8	zizogqaja	ezizogqaja	zizogqaja	azizugqaja	ezingezugqaja	zingezugqaja
Class 9	izogqaja	ezogqaja	izogqaja	ayizugqaja	engezugqaja	ingezugqaja
Class 10	zizogqaja	ezizogqaja	zizogqaja	azizugqaja	ezingezugqaja	zingezugqaja
Class 11	luzogqaja	oluzogqaja	luzogqaja	aluzugqaja	olungezugqaja	lungezugqaja
Class 14	buzogqaja	obuzogqaja	buzogqaja	abuzugqaja	obungezugqaja	bungezugqaja
Class 15	kuzogqaja	okuzogqaja	kuzogqaja	akuzugqaja	okungezugqaja	kungezugqaja
Class 17	kuzogqaja	okuzogqaja	kuzogqaja	akuzugqaja	okungezugqaja	kungezugqaja
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyogqaja	engiyogqaja	ngiyogqaja	angiyugqaja	engingeyugqaja	ngingeyugqaja
2nd singular	uyogqaja	oyogqaja	uyogqaja	awuyugqaja	ongeyugqaja	ungeyugqaja
1st plural	siyogqaja	esiyogqaja	siyogqaja	asiyugqaja	esingeyugqaja	singeyugqaja
2nd plural	niyogqaja	eniyogqaja	niyogqaja	aniyugqaja	eningeyugqaja	ningeyugqaja
Class 1	uyogqaja	oyogqaja	eyogqaja	akayugqaja	ongeyugqaja	engeyugqaja
Class 2	bayogqaja	abayogqaja	beyogqaja	abayugqaja	abangeyugqaja	bengeyugqaja
Class 3	uyogqaja	oyogqaja	uyogqaja	awuyugqaja	ongeyugqaja	ungeyugqaja
Class 4	iyogqaja	eyogqaja	iyogqaja	ayiyugqaja	engeyugqaja	ingeyugqaja
Class 5	liyogqaja	eliyogqaja	liyogqaja	aliyugqaja	elingeyugqaja	lingeyugqaja
Class 6	ayogqaja	ayogqaja	eyogqaja	awayugqaja	angeyugqaja	engeyugqaja
Class 7	siyogqaja	esiyogqaja	siyogqaja	asiyugqaja	esingeyugqaja	singeyugqaja
Class 8	ziyogqaja	eziyogqaja	ziyogqaja	aziyugqaja	ezingeyugqaja	zingeyugqaja
Class 9	iyogqaja	eyogqaja	iyogqaja	ayiyugqaja	engeyugqaja	ingeyugqaja
Class 10	ziyogqaja	eziyogqaja	ziyogqaja	aziyugqaja	ezingeyugqaja	zingeyugqaja
Class 11	luyogqaja	oluyogqaja	luyogqaja	aluyugqaja	olungeyugqaja	lungeyugqaja
Class 14	buyogqaja	obuyogqaja	buyogqaja	abuyugqaja	obungeyugqaja	bungeyugqaja
Class 15	kuyogqaja	okuyogqaja	kuyogqaja	akuyugqaja	okungeyugqaja	kungeyugqaja
Class 17	kuyogqaja	okuyogqaja	kuyogqaja	akuyugqaja	okungeyugqaja	kungeyugqaja
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngigqaje	ngingagqaji
2nd singular	ugqaje	ungagqaji
1st plural	sigqaje	singagqaji
2nd plural	nigqaje	ningagqaji
Class 1	agqaje	angagqaji
Class 2	bagqaje	bangagqaji
Class 3	ugqaje	ungagqaji
Class 4	igqaje	ingagqaji
Class 5	ligqaje	lingagqaji
Class 6	agqaje	angagqaji
Class 7	sigqaje	singagqaji
Class 8	zigqaje	zingagqaji
Class 9	igqaje	ingagqaji
Class 10	zigqaje	zingagqaji
Class 11	lugqaje	lungagqaji
Class 14	bugqaje	bungagqaji
Class 15	kugqaje	kungagqaji
Class 17	kugqaje	kungagqaji
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngagqaja	ngangagqaja, angagqaja, angangagqaja
2nd singular	wagqaja	wangagqaja, awagqaja, awangagqaja
1st plural	sagqaja	sangagqaja, asagqaja, asangagqaja
2nd plural	nagqaja	nangagqaja, anagqaja, anangagqaja
Class 1	wagqaja	wangagqaja, akagqaja, akangagqaja
Class 2	bagqaja	bangagqaja, abagqaja, abangagqaja
Class 3	wagqaja	wangagqaja, awagqaja, awangagqaja
Class 4	yagqaja	yangagqaja, ayagqaja, ayangagqaja
Class 5	lagqaja	langagqaja, alagqaja, alangagqaja
Class 6	agqaja	angagqaja, awagqaja, awangagqaja
Class 7	sagqaja	sangagqaja, asagqaja, asangagqaja
Class 8	zagqaja	zangagqaja, azagqaja, azangagqaja
Class 9	yagqaja	yangagqaja, ayagqaja, ayangagqaja
Class 10	zagqaja	zangagqaja, azagqaja, azangagqaja
Class 11	lwagqaja	lwangagqaja, alwagqaja, alwangagqaja
Class 14	bagqaja	bangagqaja, abagqaja, abangagqaja
Class 15	kwagqaja	kwangagqaja, akwagqaja, akwangagqaja
Class 17	kwagqaja	kwangagqaja, akwagqaja, akwangagqaja

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gqaja”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gqaja (6.3)”