hlupha

Swazi

Verb

-hlupha

1. to give trouble

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-hlupha

1. (transitive) to bother

   Synonym: -mosha

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-hlupha

1. (transitive) to afflict, to bother, to disturb, to grieve, to torment, to trouble, to worry
2. (transitive) to put to inconvenience

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuhlupha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuhlupha	ukungahluphi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	hlupha	-hluphe
Plural	hluphani	-hlupheni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyahlupha, ngihlupha	engihluphayo, engihlupha	ngihlupha	angihluphi	engingahluphi	ngingahluphi
2nd singular	uyahlupha, uhlupha	ohluphayo, ohlupha	uhlupha	awuhluphi	ongahluphi	ungahluphi
1st plural	siyahlupha, sihlupha	esihluphayo, esihlupha	sihlupha	asihluphi	esingahluphi	singahluphi
2nd plural	niyahlupha, nihlupha	enihluphayo, enihlupha	nihlupha	anihluphi	eningahluphi	ningahluphi
Class 1	uyahlupha, uhlupha	ohluphayo, ohlupha	ehlupha	akahluphi	ongahluphi	engahluphi
Class 2	bayahlupha, bahlupha	abahluphayo, abahlupha	behlupha	abahluphi	abangahluphi	bengahluphi
Class 3	uyahlupha, uhlupha	ohluphayo, ohlupha	uhlupha	awuhluphi	ongahluphi	ungahluphi
Class 4	iyahlupha, ihlupha	ehluphayo, ehlupha	ihlupha	ayihluphi	engahluphi	ingahluphi
Class 5	liyahlupha, lihlupha	elihluphayo, elihlupha	lihlupha	alihluphi	elingahluphi	lingahluphi
Class 6	ayahlupha, ahlupha	ahluphayo, ahlupha	ehlupha	awahluphi	angahluphi	engahluphi
Class 7	siyahlupha, sihlupha	esihluphayo, esihlupha	sihlupha	asihluphi	esingahluphi	singahluphi
Class 8	ziyahlupha, zihlupha	ezihluphayo, ezihlupha	zihlupha	azihluphi	ezingahluphi	zingahluphi
Class 9	iyahlupha, ihlupha	ehluphayo, ehlupha	ihlupha	ayihluphi	engahluphi	ingahluphi
Class 10	ziyahlupha, zihlupha	ezihluphayo, ezihlupha	zihlupha	azihluphi	ezingahluphi	zingahluphi
Class 11	luyahlupha, luhlupha	oluhluphayo, oluhlupha	luhlupha	aluhluphi	olungahluphi	lungahluphi
Class 14	buyahlupha, buhlupha	obuhluphayo, obuhlupha	buhlupha	abuhluphi	obungahluphi	bungahluphi
Class 15	kuyahlupha, kuhlupha	okuhluphayo, okuhlupha	kuhlupha	akuhluphi	okungahluphi	kungahluphi
Class 17	kuyahlupha, kuhlupha	okuhluphayo, okuhlupha	kuhlupha	akuhluphi	okungahluphi	kungahluphi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngihluphile, ngihluphē	engihluphile, engihluphē	ngihluphile, ngihluphē	angihluphanga	engingahluphanga	ngingahluphanga
2nd singular	uhluphile, uhluphē	ohluphile, ohluphē	uhluphile, uhluphē	awuhluphanga	ongahluphanga	ungahluphanga
1st plural	sihluphile, sihluphē	esihluphile, esihluphē	sihluphile, sihluphē	asihluphanga	esingahluphanga	singahluphanga
2nd plural	nihluphile, nihluphē	enihluphile, enihluphē	nihluphile, nihluphē	anihluphanga	eningahluphanga	ningahluphanga
Class 1	uhluphile, uhluphē	ohluphile, ohluphē	ehluphile, ehluphē	akahluphanga	ongahluphanga	engahluphanga
Class 2	bahluphile, bahluphē	abahluphile, abahluphē	behluphile, behluphē	abahluphanga	abangahluphanga	bengahluphanga
Class 3	uhluphile, uhluphē	ohluphile, ohluphē	uhluphile, uhluphē	awuhluphanga	ongahluphanga	ungahluphanga
Class 4	ihluphile, ihluphē	ehluphile, ehluphē	ihluphile, ihluphē	ayihluphanga	engahluphanga	ingahluphanga
Class 5	lihluphile, lihluphē	elihluphile, elihluphē	lihluphile, lihluphē	alihluphanga	elingahluphanga	lingahluphanga
Class 6	ahluphile, ahluphē	ahluphile, ahluphē	ehluphile, ehluphē	awahluphanga	angahluphanga	engahluphanga
Class 7	sihluphile, sihluphē	esihluphile, esihluphē	sihluphile, sihluphē	asihluphanga	esingahluphanga	singahluphanga
Class 8	zihluphile, zihluphē	ezihluphile, ezihluphē	zihluphile, zihluphē	azihluphanga	ezingahluphanga	zingahluphanga
Class 9	ihluphile, ihluphē	ehluphile, ehluphē	ihluphile, ihluphē	ayihluphanga	engahluphanga	ingahluphanga
Class 10	zihluphile, zihluphē	ezihluphile, ezihluphē	zihluphile, zihluphē	azihluphanga	ezingahluphanga	zingahluphanga
Class 11	luhluphile, luhluphē	oluhluphile, oluhluphē	luhluphile, luhluphē	aluhluphanga	olungahluphanga	lungahluphanga
Class 14	buhluphile, buhluphē	obuhluphile, obuhluphē	buhluphile, buhluphē	abuhluphanga	obungahluphanga	bungahluphanga
Class 15	kuhluphile, kuhluphē	okuhluphile, okuhluphē	kuhluphile, kuhluphē	akuhluphanga	okungahluphanga	kungahluphanga
Class 17	kuhluphile, kuhluphē	okuhluphile, okuhluphē	kuhluphile, kuhluphē	akuhluphanga	okungahluphanga	kungahluphanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāhlupha	engāhlupha	ngāhlupha	angihluphanga	engingahluphanga	ngingahluphanga
2nd singular	wāhlupha	owāhlupha	wāhlupha	awuhluphanga	ongahluphanga	ungahluphanga
1st plural	sāhlupha	esāhlupha	sāhlupha	asihluphanga	esingahluphanga	singahluphanga
2nd plural	nāhlupha	enāhlupha	nāhlupha	anihluphanga	eningahluphanga	ningahluphanga
Class 1	wāhlupha	owāhlupha	āhlupha	akahluphanga	ongahluphanga	engahluphanga
Class 2	bāhlupha	abāhlupha	bāhlupha	abahluphanga	abangahluphanga	bengahluphanga
Class 3	wāhlupha	owāhlupha	wāhlupha	awuhluphanga	ongahluphanga	ungahluphanga
Class 4	yāhlupha	eyāhlupha	yāhlupha	ayihluphanga	engahluphanga	ingahluphanga
Class 5	lāhlupha	elāhlupha	lāhlupha	alihluphanga	elingahluphanga	lingahluphanga
Class 6	āhlupha	āhlupha	āhlupha	awahluphanga	angahluphanga	engahluphanga
Class 7	sāhlupha	esāhlupha	sāhlupha	asihluphanga	esingahluphanga	singahluphanga
Class 8	zāhlupha	ezāhlupha	zāhlupha	azihluphanga	ezingahluphanga	zingahluphanga
Class 9	yāhlupha	eyāhlupha	yāhlupha	ayihluphanga	engahluphanga	ingahluphanga
Class 10	zāhlupha	ezāhlupha	zāhlupha	azihluphanga	ezingahluphanga	zingahluphanga
Class 11	lwāhlupha	olwāhlupha	lwāhlupha	aluhluphanga	olungahluphanga	lungahluphanga
Class 14	bāhlupha	obāhlupha	bāhlupha	abuhluphanga	obungahluphanga	bungahluphanga
Class 15	kwāhlupha	okwāhlupha	kwāhlupha	akuhluphanga	okungahluphanga	kungahluphanga
Class 17	kwāhlupha	okwāhlupha	kwāhlupha	akuhluphanga	okungahluphanga	kungahluphanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingahlupha	—	ngingahlupha	ngingehluphe	—	ngingehluphe
2nd singular	ungahlupha	—	ungahlupha	ungehluphe	—	ungehluphe
1st plural	singahlupha	—	singahlupha	singehluphe	—	singehluphe
2nd plural	ningahlupha	—	ningahlupha	ningehluphe	—	ningehluphe
Class 1	angahlupha	—	engahlupha	angehluphe	—	engehluphe
Class 2	bangahlupha	—	bengahlupha	bangehluphe	—	bengehluphe
Class 3	ungahlupha	—	ungahlupha	ungehluphe	—	ungehluphe
Class 4	ingahlupha	—	ingahlupha	ingehluphe	—	ingehluphe
Class 5	lingahlupha	—	lingahlupha	lingehluphe	—	lingehluphe
Class 6	angahlupha	—	engahlupha	angehluphe	—	engehluphe
Class 7	singahlupha	—	singahlupha	singehluphe	—	singehluphe
Class 8	zingahlupha	—	zingahlupha	zingehluphe	—	zingehluphe
Class 9	ingahlupha	—	ingahlupha	ingehluphe	—	ingehluphe
Class 10	zingahlupha	—	zingahlupha	zingehluphe	—	zingehluphe
Class 11	lungahlupha	—	lungahlupha	lungehluphe	—	lungehluphe
Class 14	bungahlupha	—	bungahlupha	bungehluphe	—	bungehluphe
Class 15	kungahlupha	—	kungahlupha	kungehluphe	—	kungehluphe
Class 17	kungahlupha	—	kungahlupha	kungehluphe	—	kungehluphe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizohlupha	engizohlupha	ngizohlupha	angizuhlupha	engingezuhlupha	ngingezuhlupha
2nd singular	uzohlupha	ozohlupha	uzohlupha	awuzuhlupha	ongezuhlupha	ungezuhlupha
1st plural	sizohlupha	esizohlupha	sizohlupha	asizuhlupha	esingezuhlupha	singezuhlupha
2nd plural	nizohlupha	enizohlupha	nizohlupha	anizuhlupha	eningezuhlupha	ningezuhlupha
Class 1	uzohlupha	ozohlupha	ezohlupha	akazuhlupha	ongezuhlupha	engezuhlupha
Class 2	bazohlupha	abazohlupha	bezohlupha	abazuhlupha	abangezuhlupha	bengezuhlupha
Class 3	uzohlupha	ozohlupha	uzohlupha	awuzuhlupha	ongezuhlupha	ungezuhlupha
Class 4	izohlupha	ezohlupha	izohlupha	ayizuhlupha	engezuhlupha	ingezuhlupha
Class 5	lizohlupha	elizohlupha	lizohlupha	alizuhlupha	elingezuhlupha	lingezuhlupha
Class 6	azohlupha	azohlupha	ezohlupha	awazuhlupha	angezuhlupha	engezuhlupha
Class 7	sizohlupha	esizohlupha	sizohlupha	asizuhlupha	esingezuhlupha	singezuhlupha
Class 8	zizohlupha	ezizohlupha	zizohlupha	azizuhlupha	ezingezuhlupha	zingezuhlupha
Class 9	izohlupha	ezohlupha	izohlupha	ayizuhlupha	engezuhlupha	ingezuhlupha
Class 10	zizohlupha	ezizohlupha	zizohlupha	azizuhlupha	ezingezuhlupha	zingezuhlupha
Class 11	luzohlupha	oluzohlupha	luzohlupha	aluzuhlupha	olungezuhlupha	lungezuhlupha
Class 14	buzohlupha	obuzohlupha	buzohlupha	abuzuhlupha	obungezuhlupha	bungezuhlupha
Class 15	kuzohlupha	okuzohlupha	kuzohlupha	akuzuhlupha	okungezuhlupha	kungezuhlupha
Class 17	kuzohlupha	okuzohlupha	kuzohlupha	akuzuhlupha	okungezuhlupha	kungezuhlupha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyohlupha	engiyohlupha	ngiyohlupha	angiyuhlupha	engingeyuhlupha	ngingeyuhlupha
2nd singular	uyohlupha	oyohlupha	uyohlupha	awuyuhlupha	ongeyuhlupha	ungeyuhlupha
1st plural	siyohlupha	esiyohlupha	siyohlupha	asiyuhlupha	esingeyuhlupha	singeyuhlupha
2nd plural	niyohlupha	eniyohlupha	niyohlupha	aniyuhlupha	eningeyuhlupha	ningeyuhlupha
Class 1	uyohlupha	oyohlupha	eyohlupha	akayuhlupha	ongeyuhlupha	engeyuhlupha
Class 2	bayohlupha	abayohlupha	beyohlupha	abayuhlupha	abangeyuhlupha	bengeyuhlupha
Class 3	uyohlupha	oyohlupha	uyohlupha	awuyuhlupha	ongeyuhlupha	ungeyuhlupha
Class 4	iyohlupha	eyohlupha	iyohlupha	ayiyuhlupha	engeyuhlupha	ingeyuhlupha
Class 5	liyohlupha	eliyohlupha	liyohlupha	aliyuhlupha	elingeyuhlupha	lingeyuhlupha
Class 6	ayohlupha	ayohlupha	eyohlupha	awayuhlupha	angeyuhlupha	engeyuhlupha
Class 7	siyohlupha	esiyohlupha	siyohlupha	asiyuhlupha	esingeyuhlupha	singeyuhlupha
Class 8	ziyohlupha	eziyohlupha	ziyohlupha	aziyuhlupha	ezingeyuhlupha	zingeyuhlupha
Class 9	iyohlupha	eyohlupha	iyohlupha	ayiyuhlupha	engeyuhlupha	ingeyuhlupha
Class 10	ziyohlupha	eziyohlupha	ziyohlupha	aziyuhlupha	ezingeyuhlupha	zingeyuhlupha
Class 11	luyohlupha	oluyohlupha	luyohlupha	aluyuhlupha	olungeyuhlupha	lungeyuhlupha
Class 14	buyohlupha	obuyohlupha	buyohlupha	abuyuhlupha	obungeyuhlupha	bungeyuhlupha
Class 15	kuyohlupha	okuyohlupha	kuyohlupha	akuyuhlupha	okungeyuhlupha	kungeyuhlupha
Class 17	kuyohlupha	okuyohlupha	kuyohlupha	akuyuhlupha	okungeyuhlupha	kungeyuhlupha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngihluphe	ngingahluphi
2nd singular	uhluphe	ungahluphi
1st plural	sihluphe	singahluphi
2nd plural	nihluphe	ningahluphi
Class 1	ahluphe	angahluphi
Class 2	bahluphe	bangahluphi
Class 3	uhluphe	ungahluphi
Class 4	ihluphe	ingahluphi
Class 5	lihluphe	lingahluphi
Class 6	ahluphe	angahluphi
Class 7	sihluphe	singahluphi
Class 8	zihluphe	zingahluphi
Class 9	ihluphe	ingahluphi
Class 10	zihluphe	zingahluphi
Class 11	luhluphe	lungahluphi
Class 14	buhluphe	bungahluphi
Class 15	kuhluphe	kungahluphi
Class 17	kuhluphe	kungahluphi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngahlupha	ngangahlupha, angahlupha, angangahlupha
2nd singular	wahlupha	wangahlupha, awahlupha, awangahlupha
1st plural	sahlupha	sangahlupha, asahlupha, asangahlupha
2nd plural	nahlupha	nangahlupha, anahlupha, anangahlupha
Class 1	wahlupha	wangahlupha, akahlupha, akangahlupha
Class 2	bahlupha	bangahlupha, abahlupha, abangahlupha
Class 3	wahlupha	wangahlupha, awahlupha, awangahlupha
Class 4	yahlupha	yangahlupha, ayahlupha, ayangahlupha
Class 5	lahlupha	langahlupha, alahlupha, alangahlupha
Class 6	ahlupha	angahlupha, awahlupha, awangahlupha
Class 7	sahlupha	sangahlupha, asahlupha, asangahlupha
Class 8	zahlupha	zangahlupha, azahlupha, azangahlupha
Class 9	yahlupha	yangahlupha, ayahlupha, ayangahlupha
Class 10	zahlupha	zangahlupha, azahlupha, azangahlupha
Class 11	lwahlupha	lwangahlupha, alwahlupha, alwangahlupha
Class 14	bahlupha	bangahlupha, abahlupha, abangahlupha
Class 15	kwahlupha	kwangahlupha, akwahlupha, akwangahlupha
Class 17	kwahlupha	kwangahlupha, akwahlupha, akwangahlupha

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “hlupha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “hlupha (6.3)”