ingenuus

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *enge(gə)nwos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”) + *ǵeǵn̥h₁wṓs, participle of *ǵeǵónh₁e; related to gignō. Equivalent to in- +‎ gignō +‎ -uus. See also indigenus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /inˈɡe.nu.us/, [ɪŋˈɡɛnuʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /inˈd͡ʒe.nu.us/, [in̠ʲˈd͡ʒɛːnuːs]

Adjective

ingenuus (feminine ingenua, neuter ingenuum); first/second-declension adjective

1. natural, indigenous
2. freeborn
3. noble, upright, frank, candid, ingenuous
4. delicate, tender

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ingenuus	ingenua	ingenuum		ingenuī	ingenuae	ingenua
Genitive	ingenuī	ingenuae	ingenuī		ingenuōrum	ingenuārum	ingenuōrum
Dative	ingenuō		ingenuō		ingenuīs
Accusative	ingenuum	ingenuam	ingenuum		ingenuōs	ingenuās	ingenua
Ablative	ingenuō	ingenuā	ingenuō		ingenuīs
Vocative	ingenue	ingenua	ingenuum		ingenuī	ingenuae	ingenua

Descendants

• Catalan: ingenu
• → English: ingenuous
• French: ingénu
  • → English: ingenue
• Galician: inxenuo
• Italian: ingenuo
• Occitan: ingenú
• Portuguese: ingénuo
• Romanian: ingenuu
• Spanish: ingenuo

References

• “ingenuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ingenuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ingenuus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the sciences; the fine arts: optima studia, bonae, optimae, liberales, ingenuae artes, disciplinae
    
  • to receive a liberal education: liberaliter, ingenue, bene educari
    
• “ingenuus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ingenuus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• “ingenuus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin