kasih

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kasih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-qasiq (“mercy, pity, affection”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkasɪh]
• Hyphenation: ka‧sih

Noun

kasih (first-person possessive kasihku, second-person possessive kasihmu, third-person possessive kasihnya)

1. love

Derived terms

• berkasih
• berkasih-kasihan
• kasihan
• kekasih
• mengasihani
• mengasihi
• pekasih
• pengasih
• pengasihan
• terkasih

 

• kasih mesra
• kasih sayang

 

Verb

kasih

1. (intransitive) to give affection
2. (colloquial, transitive) to give

   Synonyms: beri, kasi

Conjugation

Conjugation of kasih (meng-, intransitive)
Root	kasih
	Active	Involuntary / perfective	Passive	Imperative	Jussive
Active	mengasih	terkasih	dikasih	kasih	kasihlah
Locative	mengasihi	terkasihi	dikasihi	kasihi	kasihilah
Causative / Applicative1	mengasihkan	terkasihkan	dikasihkan	kasihkan	kasihkanlah
	Causative
Active	memperkasih	terperkasih	diperkasih	perkasih	perkasihlah
Locative	memperkasihi	terperkasihi	diperkasihi	perkasihi	perkasihilah
Causative / Applicative1	memperkasihkan	terperkasihkan	diperkasihkan	perkasihkan	perkasihkanlah
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

• mengasih
• pengasih

 

Further reading

• “kasih” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Maguindanao

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-qasiq (“mercy, pity, affection”).

Noun

kasih

1. love

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-qasiq (“mercy, pity, affection”).

First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (kasīh), in inflected form kasīhan (current spelling kasihan). Sense of "giving" may be semantic extension from the action of loving into repaying or providing reciprocal affection.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kasih/
• Rhymes: -asih, -sih, -ih
• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): [kä.sɪh, -seh, -se̞h]
• Rhymes: -eh

Noun

kasih (Jawi spelling کاسيه, plural kasih-kasih, informal 1st possessive kasihku, 2nd possessive kasihmu, 3rd possessive kasihnya)

1. love, care, affection

   Synonym: sayang

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• terima kasih (“thank you”)
• kasih sayang (“affection, fondness”)

Verb

kasih

1. to love, to show affection for
2. (rare) to give

   Synonyms: kasi, beri, bagi

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• pengasih (“lover”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• kekasih (“lover”) [passive] (ke-)
• kasihan (“pity, sympathy”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• mengasihani (“to pity”) [agent focus + repetition / reciprocity + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -an + -i)
• mengasihi (“to love”) [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• berkasih-kasihan (“to be in love with each other”) [reduplication + stative / habitual + repetition / reciprocity] (redup + beR- + -an)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• kasi

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “کاسه kasih”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 74
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “کاسه kaseh”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages 494-5
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “kaseh”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 514

Further reading

• “kasih” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.