monument

See also: Monument and monûment

English

Devils Tower National Monument.

Etymology

From Middle English monument, from Old French monument, from Latin monumentum (“memorial”), from monēre (“to remind”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/, /ˈmɑnjəmənt/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈmɒnjʊmənt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: mon‧u‧ment

Noun

monument (plural monuments)

A monument (definitions 1 or 2) in Lithuania at the Geographical Center of Europe

1. A structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons, or as a memorial; a commemoration.

   There is a monument on the town green to the soldiers who died in World War I.

2. An important site owned by the community as a whole.
3. A sign of exceptional achievement.
   • 1897, Richard Marsh, The Beetle:

     The cab pulled up in front of a tumbledown cheap ‘villa’ in an unfinished cheap neighbourhood, — the whole place a living monument of the defeat of the speculative builder.

   • 1961 October, “Talking of Trains: Last of the M.S.W.J.R.”, in Trains Illustrated, page 586:

     The line became a monument to his drive and imagination — and a hard training course for the future chief of the Great Central.

4. An important burial vault or tomb.
5. Any grave marker.
6. A legal document.
7. A surveying reference point marked by a permanently fixed marker (a survey monument).
8. A pile of stones left by a prospector to claim ownership of ore etc. found in a mine.
9. (surveying) A natural or artificial object used as a reference point.
11. A surviving record.
    • 1896, Auguste Brachet, Paget Toynbee, A Historical Grammar of the French Language (Clarendon Press series)‎^[1], Clarendon Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 15:

      This linguistic fragment, rough as it may appear, is of the highest interest; for it is the first written monument of the French language, eleven hundred years old.

    • 2018 June 11, Jared Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK])‎^[2], Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, →OCLC:

      Czech was long used as a written language also by the Slovaks; the earliest existing Slovak monument is the Žilina Town Book from the late 15^th century

Hyponyms

• cenotaph
• headstone
• obelisk
• vault

 

Derived terms

• ancient monument
• Monument Hills
• monument plant
• monument sign
• Monument Valley
• natural monument
• remonumentation
• survey monument

 

Related terms

• monumental
• monumentally

 

Translations

structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons

• Abkhaz: абаҟа (abaqʼa)
• Afrikaans: monument
• Albanian: përmendore (sq) f, monument (sq) m
• Arabic: نُصُب (ar) (nuṣub)
• Armenian: հուշարձան (hy) (hušarjan)
• Azerbaijani: abidə (az)
• Belarusian: по́мнік (be) m (pómnik), па́мятнік m (pámjatnik), мануме́нт m (manumjént)
• Bengali: স্মৃতিসৌধ (bn) (smritiśōudh)
• Bulgarian: па́метник (bg) m (pámetnik), монуме́нт (bg) m (monumént)
• Burmese: ပေါ်ထင်စေသောအရာ (pauhtangcesau:a.ra)
• Catalan: monument (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 紀念碑／纪念碑 (zh) (jìniànbēi)

• Czech: památník (cs) m, monument (cs) m, pomník (cs) m
• Danish: monument, mindesmærke
• Dutch: monument (nl) n
• Estonian: mälestussammas, monument (et), mälestusmärk
• Finnish: monumentti (fi)
• French: monument (fr) m, mémorial (fr)
• Galician: monumento (gl) m
• Georgian: ძეგლი (ʒegli), მონუმენტი (monumenṭi)
• German: Denkmal (de) n, Monument (de) n
• Greek:

  Ancient: μνῆμα n (mnêma)

• Hebrew: מוֹנוֹמֶנְט (he) (monoment), אַנדַרטָה (he) (andarta), יד (he) (yad)
• Hindi: स्मारक (hi) m (smārak)
• Hungarian: emlékmű (hu)
• Icelandic: minnismerki (is) n
• Indonesian: tugu (id)
• Italian: monumento (it) m
• Japanese: 記念碑 (ja) (きねんひ, kinenhi), モニュメント (monyumento)
• Kazakh: ескерткіш (eskertkış)
• Khmer: វិមាន (km) (vimiən), អនុស្សាវរីយ៍ (a’nuhsaava’rii)
• Korean: 기념비(紀念碑) (ko) (ginyeombi)
• Kyrgyz: эстелик (ky) (estelik)
• Lao: ອານຸສາວະລີ (lo) (ʼā nu sā wa lī)
• Latin: monumentum n
• Latvian: piemineklis m, monuments m
• Lithuanian: paminklas m, monumentas m
• Luxembourgish: Monument
• Macedonian: спо́меник m (spómenik)
• Malayalam: സ്മാരകം (ml) (smārakaṁ)
• Mongolian: хөшөө (mn) (xöšöö)
• Norman: monûment m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: monument n

  Nynorsk: monument n

• Oromo: siidaa
• Pashto: يادګار m (yādgā́r), آبده (ps) f (ābedá), ماذنه (māzána)
• Persian: یادمان (fa) (yâdmân)
• Plautdietsch: Denkjmol n
• Polish: pomnik (pl) m, monument (pl) m
• Portuguese: monumento (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਸਮਾਰਕ (pa) m (samārak)
• Romanian: monument (ro)
• Russian: па́мятник (ru) m (pámjatnik), монуме́нт (ru) m (monumént)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: споменик m, монумент m

  Roman: spomenik (sh) m, monument (sh) m

• Slovak: pamätník m, monument m, pomník m
• Slovene: spomenik (sl) m
• Spanish: monumento (es) m
• Swedish: monument (sv), minnesmärke (sv)
• Tagalog: bantayog (tl)
• Tajik: ёдгорӣ (yodgorī), ҳайкал (tg) (haykal)
• Thai: อนุสาวรีย์ (th) (à-nú-sǎa-wá-rii), อนุสรณ์สถาน (à-nú-sɔ̌ɔn-sà-tǎan)
• Tibetan: དྲན་གསོའི་རྟེན (dran gso'i rten)
• Turkish: anıt (tr), abide (tr)
• Turkmen: monument, ýadygärlik
• Ukrainian: па́м'ятник m (pámʺjatnyk), монуме́нт m (monumént)
• Urdu: یادگار (ur) (yādgār)
• Uzbek: haykal (uz), monument (uz), yodgorlik (uz)
• Vietnamese: đài tưởng niệm
• Welsh: cofadeilad m, cofadail m or f
• Yiddish: דענקמאָל (denkmol)

important site owned by the community as a whole

• Finnish: monumentti (fi)
• Hungarian: (historic monument/landmark) műemlék (hu)

exceptional or prideful achievement

• Finnish: suursaavutus
• Polish: monument (pl) m

important burial vault

• Finnish: hautamuistomerkki (fi)

legal document

• Finnish: asiakirja (fi)

surviving record

• Hungarian: nyelvemlék (hu)

Verb

monument (third-person singular simple present monuments, present participle monumenting, simple past and past participle monumented)

1. (transitive) To mark or memorialize with a monument.
2. (transitive) To place a surveyor's monument at.
   • 1985, Input Formats and Specifications of the National Geodetic Survey Data Base, pages 3-8:

     Enter the year the marker was monumented. If the year cannot be determined , enter " UNK " .

   • 2009, Stephen V. Estopinal, A Guide to Understanding Land Surveys, page 91:

     Having chosen and monumented the initial point, the surveyor established the "principal meridian" by traversing north and south from the initial point.

   • 2012, T. J. Blachut, ‎A. Chrzanowski, ‎J. H. Saastamoinen, Urban Surveying and Mapping, page 69:

     The first-order network is usually monumented on the roofs of buildings; ground stations are used only in suburban districts.

Further reading

• “monument”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “monument”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [mu.nuˈmen]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencian) [mo.nuˈment]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

Further reading

• “monument” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “monument”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “monument” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “monument” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [monuˈmɛ̝ˀnd̥]

Noun

monument n (singular definite monumentet, plural indefinite monumenter)

1. monument

Synonyms

• mindesmærke

References

• “monument” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “monument” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌmoːnyˈmɛnt/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛnt

Noun

monument n (plural monumenten, diminutive monumentje n)

1. monument

Descendants

• → Indonesian: monumen
• → Papiamentu: monument (dated)

Estonian

Russalka monument in Tallinn

Etymology

From German Monument, ultimately from Latin monumentum (“memorial”) (from monēre (“to remind”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmonumenʲt/
• Hyphenation: mo‧nu‧ment

Noun

monument (genitive monumendi, partitive monumenti)

1. monument
   1. A sculpture or building built for the honour and commemoration of a person or an event.

Declension

Declension of monument (ÕS type 22e/riik, t-d gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		monument	monumendid
accusative	nom.
	gen.	monumendi
genitive			monumentide
partitive		monumenti	monumente monumentisid
illative		monumenti monumendisse	monumentidesse monumendesse
inessive		monumendis	monumentides monumendes
elative		monumendist	monumentidest monumendest
allative		monumendile	monumentidele monumendele
adessive		monumendil	monumentidel monumendel
ablative		monumendilt	monumentidelt monumendelt
translative		monumendiks	monumentideks monumendeks
terminative		monumendini	monumentideni
essive		monumendina	monumentidena
abessive		monumendita	monumentideta
comitative		monumendiga	monumentidega

Synonyms

• mälestusmärk
• mälestussammas
• mälestuskivi
• ausammas
• sammas
• mälestis
• memoriaal

Derived terms

• monumentaalne

References

• monument in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɔ.ny.mɑ̃/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

Further reading

• “monument”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Norman

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Noun

monument n (definite singular monumentet, indefinite plural monument or monumenter, definite plural monumenta or monumentene)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

References

• “monument” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Noun

monument n (definite singular monumentet, indefinite plural monument, definite plural monumenta)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

References

• “monument” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum. Attested from the 13th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /munyˈmen/

• Audio (Béarn)

  (file)

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /munyˈmɛŋt/

Noun

monument m

1. monument

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɔˈnu.mɛnt/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -umɛnt
• Syllabification: mo‧nu‧ment

Noun

monument m inan (diminutive monumencik)

1. (sculpture) monument (structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons)

   Synonym: pomnik

2. monument (exceptional or prideful achievement)

Declension

Declension of monument

	singular	plural
nominative	monument	monumenty
genitive	monumentu	monumentów
dative	monumentowi	monumentom
accusative	monument	monumenty
instrumental	monumentem	monumentami
locative	monumencie	monumentach
vocative	monumencie	monumenty

Further reading

• monument in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• monument in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French monument, Latin monumentum. Doublet of the inherited mormânt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo.nuˈment/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

monument n (plural monumente)

1. monument
2. memorial

Declension

Declension of monument

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) monument	monumentul	(niște) monumente	monumentele
genitive/dative	(unui) monument	monumentului	(unor) monumente	monumentelor
vocative	monumentule		monumentelor

Related terms

• monumental

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /moːnɵˈmɛnt/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

monument n

1. monument

Declension

Declension of monument
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	monument	monumentet	monumenter	monumenterna
Genitive	monuments	monumentets	monumenters	monumenternas

Synonyms

• minnesmärke