obrót

See also: ôbrōt, òbrót, and ôbrót

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obvortъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obrócić. First attested in 1535.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔb.rut/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.brɔt/, /ˈɔ.brot/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔbrut
• Syllabification: ob‧rót

Noun

obrót m inan

1. (countable) turn, rotation, revolution (turning of an object around its own or another object's axis)

   obrót Ziemi ― Earth's rotation

   obrót wokół osi ― rotation around an axis

2. (uncountable) turn (manner in which events unfold)

   Synonym: zwrot

   obrót zdarzeń ― turn of events

3. (uncountable, economics) turnover; trade; sales; payments (purchase and sale transactions) [+instrumental = in what]

   Synonym: handel

4. (countable, obsolete, hunting) turn (deviation from a path; running turn performed by a fleeing animal)
5. (in the plural, obsolete, military) drill (military exercises, maneuvers)

   Synonym: musztra

6. (uncountable, obsolete) cunning, trickery

   Synonyms: fortel, obrotność, przebiegłość

   1. (countable, obsolete) cunning person
7. (in the plural, obsolete) frolic, dancing, celebrations; troubles; torments, pickle, jam; danger
8. (countable, obsolete) pole (that on which something turns physically)
9. (countable, obsolete, zootomy) animal's vertebra
10. (countable, obsolete, anatomy) joint (part of the body where two bones join)

    Synonym: staw

11. (uncountable, obsolete) circulation (flow of blood in the body)

    Synonym: krążenie

12. (countable, obsolete, metallurgy) wooden furnace frame (wooden form that rotates on an axis, used in the construction of a blast furnace shaft and grates, corresponding to the internal shape of the furnace, and applied to the laid bricks)
13. (countable, obsolete, medicine) rotation of a fetus in a uterus to facilitate [[delivery]

Declension

Declension of obrót

	singular	plural
nominative	obrót	obroty
genitive	obrotu	obrotów
dative	obrotowi	obrotom
accusative	obrót	obroty
instrumental	obrotem	obrotami
locative	obrocie	obrotach
vocative	obrocie	obroty

Derived terms

adjectives

• obrotny
• obrotowy

 

adverb

• na obrotach

 

nouns

• ćwierćobrót
• obrotnica
• obrotnik
• obrotność
• obrotówka
• obrócenie
• obrót rzeczy
• półobrót

 

verbs

• wziąć w obroty pf, brać w obroty impf

 

Related terms

verbs

• obrócić pf, obracać impf

 

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), obrót is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 32 times in scientific texts, 14 times in news, 9 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 62 times, making it the 1054th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• obrót in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• obrót in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “OBRÓT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 31.08.2010
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “obrót”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎^[2]
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “obrót”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎^[3]
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “obrót”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎^[4] (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 510