sufficio

Latin

Alternative forms

• subficiō

Etymology

From sub- (“under; behind; at the foot of; close to; within”) +‎ faciō (“do, make”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /sufˈfi.ki.oː/, [s̠ʊfˈfɪkioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /sufˈfi.t͡ʃi.o/, [sufˈfiːt͡ʃio]

Verb

sufficiō (present infinitive sufficere, perfect active suffēcī, supine suffectum); third conjugation iō-variant

1. to supply, provide, afford, give, fill, imbue, furnish, yield, produce
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.617–618:

     “‘Ipse pater Danaīs animōs vīrēsque secundās
     sufficit, ipse deōs in Dardana suscitat arma.’”

     “‘Their Father himself provides the Danaans [with] courage and victorious strength, [and he] himself stirs the gods against the Dardan weaponry.’”
     (Venus allows Aeneas to see the gods, and foremost among them, Zeus or Jupiter favors the Greeks against the Trojans.)

2. to put under or among
3. to dip, dye, steep, impregnate, tinge, imbue
4. to appoint to a vacancy, choose as a substitute, employ in
5. (of a building) to lay a foundation for
6. (intransitive) to be sufficient, be adequate, be capable, suffice, avail, satisfy

   Synonym: suppeditō

Conjugation

Conjugation of sufficiō (third conjugation iō-variant)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sufficiō	sufficis	sufficit	sufficimus	sufficitis	sufficiunt
	imperfect	sufficiēbam	sufficiēbās	sufficiēbat	sufficiēbāmus	sufficiēbātis	sufficiēbant
	future	sufficiam	sufficiēs	sufficiet	sufficiēmus	sufficiētis	sufficient
	perfect	suffēcī	suffēcistī	suffēcit	suffēcimus	suffēcistis	suffēcērunt, suffēcēre
	pluperfect	suffēceram	suffēcerās	suffēcerat	suffēcerāmus	suffēcerātis	suffēcerant
	future perfect	suffēcerō	suffēceris	suffēcerit	suffēcerimus	suffēceritis	suffēcerint
passive	present	sufficior	sufficeris, sufficere	sufficitur	sufficimur	sufficiminī	sufficiuntur
	imperfect	sufficiēbar	sufficiēbāris, sufficiēbāre	sufficiēbātur	sufficiēbāmur	sufficiēbāminī	sufficiēbantur
	future	sufficiar	sufficiēris, sufficiēre	sufficiētur	sufficiēmur	sufficiēminī	sufficientur
	perfect	suffectus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	suffectus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	suffectus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sufficiam	sufficiās	sufficiat	sufficiāmus	sufficiātis	sufficiant
	imperfect	sufficerem	sufficerēs	sufficeret	sufficerēmus	sufficerētis	sufficerent
	perfect	suffēcerim	suffēcerīs	suffēcerit	suffēcerīmus	suffēcerītis	suffēcerint
	pluperfect	suffēcissem	suffēcissēs	suffēcisset	suffēcissēmus	suffēcissētis	suffēcissent
passive	present	sufficiar	sufficiāris, sufficiāre	sufficiātur	sufficiāmur	sufficiāminī	sufficiantur
	imperfect	sufficerer	sufficerēris, sufficerēre	sufficerētur	sufficerēmur	sufficerēminī	sufficerentur
	perfect	suffectus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	suffectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	suffice	—	—	sufficite	—
	future	—	sufficitō	sufficitō	—	sufficitōte	sufficiuntō
passive	present	—	sufficere	—	—	sufficiminī	—
	future	—	sufficitor	sufficitor	—	—	sufficiuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		sufficere	suffēcisse	suffectūrum esse	sufficī	suffectum esse	suffectum īrī
participles		sufficiēns	—	suffectūrus	—	suffectus	sufficiendus, sufficiundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		sufficiendī	sufficiendō	sufficiendum	sufficiendō	suffectum	suffectū

Synonyms

• (choose as a substitute): subrogō / surrogō

Derived terms

• sufficiēns
• sufficienter
• sufficientia

Related terms

• afficiō
• conficiō
• dēficiō
• efficiō
• faciō
• īnficiō
• interficiō
• officiō
• perficiō
• praeficiō
• prōficiō
• reficiō

Descendants

• Old French: susfire, sufire
  • Middle French: souffire
    • French: suffire (partly relatinized)
    • → Middle English: suffisen
      • English: suffice

References

• “sufficio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sufficio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sufficio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to elect a man to fill the place of another who has died whilst in office: sufficere aliquem in alicuius locum or alicui