tenggelam

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay tenggelam, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ləm; *ləəm (“to sink”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /təŋɡəˈlam/
• Rhymes: -lam, -am, -m
• Hyphenation: têng‧gê‧lam

Verb

tênggêlam

1. (intransitive) to submerge, to sink, to be immersed

   Synonyms: karam, terbenam

   Tenggelamnya kapal Van Der Wjick.

   The Sinking of Van Der Wjick

2. (intransitive) to set (of sun)

   Synonym: terbenam

3. (intransitive, figurative) to lose oneself
4. (intransitive, figurative) to fall

   Synonym: jatuh

5. (intransitive, figurative) to lost, to disappear, to miss

   Synonyms: hilang, lenyap

6. (intransitive, figurative) to be absorbed, to be engrossed

   Synonym: asyik

Derived terms

• ditenggelamkan
• menenggelamkan
• penenggelam
• penenggelaman

 

Further reading

• “tenggelam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Pronunciation

• (Baku) IPA^(key): /təŋɡəlam/
• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /təŋɡəläm/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /təŋɡəlam/
• Rhymes: -lam, -am

Verb

tenggelam (Jawi spelling تڠݢلم)

1. to submerge, to sink (under water; disappear from surface or eye-sight)

   Synonyms: karam, acop

   Antonym: timbul

2. (literature) to set (of sun; into the sea)

   Synonym: terbenam (“sunset”)

   Antonym: terbit

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• menenggelami [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• menenggelamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• penenggelaman [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)

Descendants

• Indonesian: tenggelam

Further reading

• “tenggelam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.