wjn

See also: .wjn

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /win/
  • Conventional anglicization: win

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to spurn, to reject, to thrust aside (someone or something) [Middle Kingdom literature to Kushite Period]
   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.9–1.10:

     (j)m ꜣtw r jwf r gs skn šzp dj.f n.k (j)m wjn st kꜣ szft pw

     Don’t raven after meat next to a voracious man; partake when he gives to you. Don’t reject it; then it will be something soothing.

Inflection

Conjugation of wjn (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wjn, geminated stem: wjnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
wjn	wjnw, wjn	wjnt	wjn	wjn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
wjn	ḥr wjn	m wjn	r wjn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	wjn.n	wjnw, wjn	consecutive	wjn.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	wjnt
perfective3	wjn	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	wjn.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	wjn	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	wjn	wjnn	potentialis1	wjn.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	wjn	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	wjn.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	wjn	active + .tj1, .tw2	wjn	wjn, wjnw5, wjny5
imperfective	wjn, wjny, wjnw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	wjn, wjnj6, wjny6	wjn, wjnw5
prospective	wjn, wjntj7	—	wjntj4, wjnt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wjn  

wjn	wjn	wjn	wjn	wjn	wjꜣn
					[Late Period]

References

• “wjn (lemma ID 44120)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 272.12–272.14
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 56
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 149, 334, 458.