zajlik

Hungarian

Etymology

zaj (“ice floes”) +‎ -lik (verb-forming suffix)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈzɒjlik]
• Hyphenation: zaj‧lik
• Rhymes: -ɒjlik

Verb

zajlik

1. (intransitive) to take place, to happen (eventfulness is often implied)

   Synonyms: folyik, történik

2. (intransitive, of a river) to drift (when the ice breaks and flows down in the river)

Conjugation

The subjunctive forms are uncommon; sometimes forms of zajlódik are used instead (zajlódjon, zajlódjanak in the third-person). This verb belongs among those whose subjunctive forms (as well as adverbial participle and potential) would generate a cluster of three consonants, which is hard to pronounce. To avoid it, linguistic literature usually advises inserting a vowel between the first two consonants (or in some cases, avoiding these forms altogether). However, many native speakers find it just as awkward as the triple-consonant option and shrink from using it, even refusing these forms on hearing (although people have no objection to using the same linking vowel with other verbs like oszlik or bomlik). If someone wants to avoid these forms, a synonymous verb can be used instead or the sentence can be rephrased. (Verbs that are currently categorized as not having the above forms at all are listed at Hungarian defective verbs. However, in this case there is not always a clear dividing line between uncommon and impossible.) Further reading (in Hungarian): [1] [2] [3]

conjugation of zajlik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	zajlok	zajlasz	zajlik	zajlunk	zajlotok	zajlanak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	zajlottam	zajlottál	zajlott	zajlottunk	zajlottatok	zajlottak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. zajlani fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	zajlék	zajlál	zajla	zajlánk	zajlátok	zajlának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. zajlik vala, zajlott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	zajlandok	zajlandasz	zajland	zajlandunk	zajlandotok	zajlandanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	zajlanék	zajlanál	zajlana	zajlanánk	zajlanátok	zajlanának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. zajlott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	zajoljak	zajolj or zajoljál	zajoljon	zajoljunk	zajoljatok	zajoljanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. zajlott légyen
Infinitive	zajlani		zajlanom	zajlanod	zajlania	zajlanunk	zajlanotok	zajlaniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	zajlás		zajló	zajlott	―	zajolva (zajolván)

potential conjugation of zajlik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	zajolhatok	zajolhatsz	zajolhat	zajolhatunk	zajolhattok	zajolhatnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	zajolhattam	zajolhattál	zajolhatott	zajolhattunk	zajolhattatok	zajolhattak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	zajlhaték	zajlhatál	zajlhata	zajlhatánk	zajlhatátok	zajlhatának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. zajolhat vala, zajolhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	zajolhatandok or zajlandhatok	zajolhatandasz or zajlandhatsz	zajolhatand or zajlandhat	zajolhatandunk or zajlandhatunk	zajolhatandotok or zajlandhattok	zajolhatandanak or zajlandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	zajolhatnék	zajolhatnál	zajolhatna	zajolhatnánk	zajolhatnátok	zajolhatnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. zajolhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	zajolhassak	zajolhass or zajolhassál	zajolhasson	zajolhassunk	zajolhassatok	zajolhassanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. zajolhatott légyen
Inf.	(zajolhatni)		(zajolhatnom)	(zajolhatnod)	(zajolhatnia)	(zajolhatnunk)	(zajolhatnotok)	(zajolhatniuk)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(zajolhatva / zajolhatván)

Derived terms

• zajlás

 

(With verbal prefixes):

• lezajlik

Expressions

• úgy szép az élet, ha zajlik

 

Further reading

• zajlik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN