οἶτος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *Hóytos (“oath”), like Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”) and Proto-Celtic *oytos. As an alternative to *h₁ey- (“to go”) as the root, he compares Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (aēta, “punishment, guilt”) (which was identified by Bartolomae under an original meaning “part, share”) along with Ancient Greek αἶσα (aîsa, “destiny, fate”) and αἴτιος (aítios, “guilty, culpable”). Thus, this noun may rather derive from Proto-Indo-European *h₂oy-to- (“what has been granted”), which is semantically more convincing.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ôi̯.tos/ → /ˈy.tos/ → /ˈi.tos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ôi̯.tos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈy.tos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈy.tos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈy.tos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.tos/

Noun

οἶτος • (oîtos) m (genitive οἴτου); second declension

1. fate, doom (in negative sense)

Declension

Second declension of ὁ οἶτος; τοῦ οἴτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ οἶτος ho oîtos	τὼ οἴτω tṑ oítō	οἱ οἶτοι hoi oîtoi
Genitive	τοῦ οἴτου toû oítou	τοῖν οἴτοιν toîn oítoin	τῶν οἴτων tôn oítōn
Dative	τῷ οἴτῳ tôi oítōi	τοῖν οἴτοιν toîn oítoin	τοῖς οἴτοις toîs oítois
Accusative	τὸν οἶτον tòn oîton	τὼ οἴτω tṑ oítō	τοὺς οἴτους toùs oítous
Vocative	οἶτε oîte	οἴτω oítō	οἶτοι oîtoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Ἐχοίτης (Ekhoítēs)
• μεγάλοιτος (megáloitos)
• Μενοίτῐος (Menoítios)
• Οἰτόλινος (Oitólinos)

 

Further reading

• “οἶτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “οἶτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “οἶτος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• οἶτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• οἶτος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN