證明
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Chinese[edit]
certificate; proof; to prove certificate; proof; to prove; to demonstrate; to confirm |
clear; bright; to understand clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (證明/証明) | 證/証 | 明 | |
simp. (证明) | 证 | 明 | |
anagram | 明證/明证 |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
證明
- (countable, uncountable) proof; evidence (Classifier: 份 m; 個/个 m)
- (countable) certificate (document containing a certified statement, evidencing ownership, etc.); testimonial; reference (Classifier: 份 m; 個/个 m)
Usage notes[edit]
Unlike the English nouns proof and evidence which are usually uncountable, the Chinese nouns 證據/证据 (zhèngjù) and 證明/证明 (zhèngmíng) can be counted.
Synonyms[edit]
- (proof):
- 佐證/佐证 (zuǒzhèng)
- 例證/例证 (lìzhèng)
- 信 (literary, or in compounds)
- 信據/信据 (xìnjù) (literary, reliable evidence)
- 力證/力证 (lìzhèng) (strong evidence)
- 印證/印证 (yìnzhèng)
- 實證/实证 (shízhèng) (concrete evidence)
- 干證 (Hokkien)
- 憑/凭 (píng) (literary, or in compounds)
- 憑信/凭信 (píngxìn)
- 憑據/凭据 (píngjù)
- 憑條/凭条 (Min Nan)
- 憑證/凭证 (píngzhèng)
- 據/据 (literary, or in compounds)
- 論證/论证 (lùnzhèng)
- 證/证 (zhèng)
- 證據/证据 (zhèngjù)
- 證見/证见 (Hokkien, literary)
- (certificate):
Derived terms[edit]
- 不在場證明/不在场证明 (bùzàichǎng zhèngmíng)
- 出生證明/出生证明 (chūshēng zhèngmíng)
- 工作證明/工作证明 (gōngzuò zhèngmíng)
- 權益證明/权益证明 (quányì zhèngmíng)
- 證明人/证明人 (zhèngmíngrén)
- 證明信/证明信 (zhèngmíngxìn)
- 證明價值/证明价值 (zhèngmíng jiàzhí)
- 證明力/证明力 (zhèngmínglì)
- 證明書/证明书 (zhèngmíngshū)
- 證明責任/证明责任 (zhèngmíng zérèn)
- 醫療證明/医疗证明 (yīliáo zhèngmíng)
- 零知識證明/零知识证明
Verb[edit]
證明
- to prove; to demonstrate; to certify
Synonyms[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
證 | 明 |
しょう Hyōgaiji |
めい Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- 證明書 (shōmeisho)
Verb[edit]
證明する • (shōmei suru) suru (stem 證明し (shōmei shi), past 證明した (shōmei shita))
- to prove; to confirm
- (mathematics) to prove
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of "證明する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 證明し | しょうめいし | shōmei shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 證明し | しょうめいし | shōmei shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 證明する | しょうめいする | shōmei suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 證明する | しょうめいする | shōmei suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 證明すれ | しょうめいすれ | shōmei sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 證明せよ¹ 證明しろ² |
しょうめいせよ¹ しょうめいしろ² |
shōmei seyo¹ shōmei shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 證明される | しょうめいされる | shōmei sareru | |
Causative | 證明させる 證明さす |
しょうめいさせる しょうめいさす |
shōmei saseru shōmei sasu | |
Potential | 證明できる | しょうめいできる | shōmei dekiru | |
Volitional | 證明しよう | しょうめいしよう | shōmei shiyō | |
Negative | 證明しない | しょうめいしない | shōmei shinai | |
Negative continuative | 證明せず | しょうめいせず | shōmei sezu | |
Formal | 證明します | しょうめいします | shōmei shimasu | |
Perfective | 證明した | しょうめいした | shōmei shita | |
Conjunctive | 證明して | しょうめいして | shōmei shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 證明すれば | しょうめいすれば | shōmei sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Korean[edit]
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
證 | 明 |
Noun[edit]
證明 • (jeungmyeong) (hangeul 증명)
Vietnamese[edit]
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
證 | 明 |
Verb[edit]
證明
- chữ Hán form of chứng minh (“to prove; to demonstrate”).
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