Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/jā

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ja.

Particle

*jā

1. yes
2. thus, so

Descendants

• Old English: ġēa, iā; ġē
  • Middle English: ȝea, ye, ya
    • Scots: ya, yea, ay, aye, yo
    • English: ya, yea, yo
• Old Frisian: jē, gē; jā, jē, jō
  • Saterland Frisian: ja, jee
  • West Frisian: ja
• Old Saxon: jā, giā; ge, gi, gie, gia
  • Middle Low German: ja, jâ
    • German Low German: ja
• Old Dutch: jā
  • Middle Dutch: jâ
    • Dutch: ja
      • Afrikaans: ja
    • Limburgish: jao
• Old High German: jā; joh, ioh
  • Middle High German: ja, jā; joch
    • Alemannic German: ja, jaa, jòò, jä
    • Bavarian:

      Cimbrian: ja

      Viennese: jå

    • German: ja (standard); jo, joa (informal); joch (dialectal)
      • Polish: jo
    • Luxembourgish: jo
    • Yiddish: יאָ (yo)