gaudium

Latin

Alternative forms

• gau (pre-Classical, poetic)
• gaudius (post-classical)

Etymology

From gaudeō +‎ -ium.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡau̯.di.um/, [ˈɡäu̯d̪iʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡau̯.di.um/, [ˈɡäːu̯d̪ium]

Noun

gaudium n (genitive gaudiī or gaudī); second declension

1. joy, delight

   Synonyms: dēlicium, dēlectātiō, voluptās, laetitia, frūctus, alacritās

   Antonyms: maeror, maestitia, aegritūdō, lūctus, trīstitia, trīstitūdō, tristitās, dēsīderium

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	gaudium	gaudia
Genitive	gaudiī gaudī1	gaudiōrum
Dative	gaudiō	gaudiīs
Accusative	gaudium	gaudia
Ablative	gaudiō	gaudiīs
Vocative	gaudium	gaudia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

• gaudiālis
• gaudibundus
• gaudimōnium
• gaudivigēns

Related terms

• gaudēns
• gaudeō
• gāvīsus

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: goju
  • Neapolitan: gautšə (Cerignola)
  • Old Sicilian: gauju
    • Sicilian: gàuju (Calabria), javiu (Eastern Sicily)
• Padanian:
  • Old Ligurian: gozo, goyo (Genova)
  • Old Lombard: gouço
  • Old Piedmontese: goy, goz (Asti)
    • Piedmontese: gòi
  • Romagnol: gogio
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Bourguignon: zouaie
  • Champenois: joë
  • Franc-Comtois: djôe
  • Franco-Provençal: dzeuya, jouè, joei
  • Lorrain: žūy, žōy, djôye, džọ̄y, djoûe
  • Norman: joué (St. Saire), jouaie (Jersey), goée (Les Andelys)
  • Old French: joi, joie (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Picard: goie
  • Poitevin-Saintongeais: jeu (Poitou), jouée (Saintonge)
  • Walloon: djôye
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: goyo, goi
  • Catalan: goig, goi (northwestern)
  • Old Occitan: gaug, gauch
    • Gascon: gai, gòi
    • Languedocien: gaug
    • Limousin: jai
    • → Old Catalan: gaug, gauig
• Ibero-Romance
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: goyo, goyvo, *gouço (Old Galician)
    • Portuguese: goivo
  • Old Spanish: goço, gozo
    • Spanish: gozo
    • → Galician: gozo
    • → Portuguese: gozo
    • → Sardinian: gosu
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: gaju (Nuorese)
• Ancient borrowings:
  • → Albanian: gaz, gëzim
• Learned borrowings:
  • → English: gaudy
  • → Friulian: gaudie
  • → German: Gaudium
  • → Italian: gaudio
  • → Old French: gaudie (from Medieval Latin gaudia)
    • → Middle English: gaude, gauid
      • English: gaud
    • → Middle English: gaudi, gaudy, gaudee
      • English: gaudy
      • Yola: gaudés (plural)
  • → Portuguese: gáudio

References

• Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) “gozo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 185
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “gaudium”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 4: G H I, page 80

Further reading

• “gaudium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “gaudium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gaudium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to weep for joy: gaudio lacrimare
    
  • to give pleasure to some one: afficere aliquem gaudio, laetitia
    
  • to be filled with delight: gaudio perfundi
    
  • to add the crowning point to a person's joy: cumulum gaudii alicui afferre (vid. sect. V. 6) (Fam. 16. 21. 1)
    
  • to utter cries of joy: gaudio, laetitia exsultare
    
  • to be beside oneself with joy: gaudio, laetitia efferri
    
  • to almost lose one's reason from excess of joy: nimio gaudio paene desipere