usaltaa

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *uskaltadak. Cognates include Finnish uskaltaa and Estonian usaldada.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈusɑltɑː/, [ˈus̠ɑɫtɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈusɑltɑː/, [ˈuʒ̥ɑɫtɑː]
• Rhymes: -usɑltɑː
• Hyphenation: u‧sal‧taa

Verb

usaltaa

1. (auxiliary) to dare to

Conjugation

Conjugation of usaltaa (type 3/kyntää, lt-ll gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	usallan	en usalla	1st singular	oon usaltant, oon usaltanut	en oo usaltant, en oo usaltanut
2nd singular	usallat	et usalla	2nd singular	oot usaltant, oot usaltanut	et oo usaltant, et oo usaltanut
3rd singular	usaltaa	ei usalla	3rd singular	ono usaltant, ono usaltanut	ei oo usaltant, ei oo usaltanut
1st plural	usallamma	emmä usalla	1st plural	oomma usaltanneet	emmä oo usaltanneet
2nd plural	usallatta	että usalla	2nd plural	ootta usaltanneet	että oo usaltanneet
3rd plural	usaltaat1), usaltavat2), usallettaa	evät usalla, ei usalleta	3rd plural	ovat usaltanneet	evät oo usaltanneet, ei oo usallettu
impersonal	usallettaa	ei usalleta	impersonal	ono usallettu	ei oo usallettu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	usalsin	en usaltant, en usaltanut	1st singular	olin usaltant, olin usaltanut	en olt usaltant, en olt usaltanut
2nd singular	usalsit	et usaltant, et usaltanut	2nd singular	olit usaltant, olit usaltanut	et olt usaltant, et olt usaltanut
3rd singular	usalsi	ei usaltant, ei usaltanut	3rd singular	oli usaltant, oli usaltanut	ei olt usaltant, ei olt usaltanut
1st plural	usalsimma	emmä usaltanneet	1st plural	olimma usaltanneet	emmä olleet usaltanneet
2nd plural	usalsitta	että usaltanneet	2nd plural	olitta usaltanneet	että olleet usaltanneet
3rd plural	usalsiit1), usalsivat2), usallettii	evät usaltanneet, ei usallettu	3rd plural	olivat usaltanneet	evät olleet usaltanneet, ei olt usallettu
impersonal	usallettii	ei usallettu	impersonal	oli usallettu	ei olt usallettu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	usaltaisin	en usaltais	1st singular	olisin usaltant, olisin usaltanut	en olis usaltant, en olis usaltanut
2nd singular	usaltaisit, usaltaist1)	et usaltais	2nd singular	olisit usaltant, olisit usaltanut	et olis usaltant, et olis usaltanut
3rd singular	usaltais	ei usaltais	3rd singular	olis usaltant, olis usaltanut	ei olis usaltant, ei olis usaltanut
1st plural	usaltaisimma	emmä usaltais	1st plural	olisimma usaltanneet	emmä olis usaltanneet
2nd plural	usaltaisitta	että usaltais	2nd plural	olisitta usaltanneet	että olis usaltanneet
3rd plural	usaltaisiit1), usaltaisivat2), usallettais	evät usaltais, ei usallettais	3rd plural	olisivat usaltanneet	evät olis usaltanneet, ei olis usallettu
impersonal	usallettais	ei usallettais	impersonal	olis usallettu	ei olis usallettu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	usalla	elä usalla	2nd singular	oo usaltant, oo usaltanut	elä oo usaltant, elä oo usaltanut
3rd singular	usaltakkoo	elköö usaltako	3rd singular	olkoo usaltant, olkoo usaltanut	elköö olko usaltant, elköö olko usaltanut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	usaltakkaa	elkää usaltako	2nd plural	olkaa usaltanneet	elkää olko usaltanneet
3rd plural	usaltakkoot	elkööt usaltako, elköö usallettako	3rd plural	olkoot usaltanneet	elkööt olko usaltanneet, elköö olko usallettu
impersonal	usallettakoo	elköö usallettako	impersonal	olkoo usallettu	elköö olko usallettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	usaltanen	en usaltane
2nd singular	usaltanet	et usaltane
3rd singular	usaltannoo	ei usaltane
1st plural	usaltanemma	emmä usaltane
2nd plural	usaltanetta	että usaltane
3rd plural	usaltannoot	evät usaltane, ei usallettane
impersonal	usallettanoo	ei usallettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		usaltaa	present	usaltava	usallettava
2nd	inessive	usaltaes	past	usaltant, usaltanut	usallettu
	instructive	usaltaen	1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (usaltakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	usaltammaa
	inessive	usaltamas
	elative	usaltamast
	abessive	usaltamata
4th	nominative	usaltamiin
	partitive	usaltamista, usaltamist

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 626