Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gubiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰowbʰ-eye-, causative/iterative of the root *gʰewbʰ-. Compare *gỳbnǫti (“to perish”). Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently; see discussion under Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúbtei.

Verb

*gubìti impf

1. to destroy

Inflection

Conjugation of *gubiti, *gubi, *gubitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gubľenьje	*gubiti	*gubitъ	*gubilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gubľenъ	*gubimъ
Active	*gubľь	*gubę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gubixъ	*gubi	*gubi	*gubľǫ	*gubiši	*gubitь
Dual	*gubixově	*gubista	*gubiste	*gubivě	*gubita	*gubite
Plural	*gubixomъ	*gubiste	*gubišę	*gubimъ	*gubite	*gubętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gubľaaxъ	*gubľaaše	*gubľaaše	—	*gubi	*gubi
Dual	*gubľaaxově	*gubľaašeta	*gubľaašete	*gubivě	*gubita	—
Plural	*gubľaaxomъ	*gubľaašete	*gubľaaxǫ	*gubimъ	*gubite	—

Notes:
• (*)*gubivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

• *pogubiti
• *zagubiti
• *jьzgubiti

Related terms

• *gỳbnǫti (“to perish”)
• *gybati (“to perish? to bend? to break?”)
• *gъbnǫti (“to bend”)
• *gъbežь (“bend, joint”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: гꙋбити (gubiti) (accent paradigm c)
    • Belarusian: губі́ць (hubícʹ)
    • Russian: губи́ть (gubítʹ)
    • Ukrainian: губи́ти (hubýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: гоубити (gubiti)

    Glagolitic: ⰳⱆⰱⰻⱅⰻ (gubiti)

  • Bulgarian: гу́бя (gúbja)
  • Macedonian: губи (gubi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гу̀бити

    Latin script: gùbiti

  • Slovene: gubīti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: hubit
  • Polabian: ďaibĕt
  • Polish: gubić
  • Slovak: hubiť
  • Slovincian: gúbjic
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: hubić
    • Lower Sorbian: gubiś

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “ги́бнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 186
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “губи́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gubiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 166