é

See also: Appendix:Variations of "e"

é U+00E9, é LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE Composition: e [U+0065] + ◌́ [U+0301] ← è [U+00E8] Latin-1 Supplement ê → [U+00EA]

English

Letter

é

1. Found chiefly in words borrowed from other languages. When it occurs as the last letter of the word, it indicates that the e is not silent.

   café, resumé, animé

   For details and for less common usage, see the entry for the acute accent, ⟨◌́⟩.

Blin

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɨ/

Letter

é (uppercase É)

1. A letter of the Bilen Latin alphabet.

Bourguignon

Etymology

From Old French el, contraction of en + lou. This form is now archaic and replaced by au from ài + lou, but may still be encountered in fixed sentences and proverbs.

Preposition

é

1. (archaic) in the, equivalent of au.

Usage notes

Now used mainly in fixed sentences and proverbs like laissai ailai le chait é formaige.

Related terms

• és

References

• Vocabulaire raisonné et comparé du dialecte et du patois de la province de Bourgogne, by Thomas Mignard, 1870.

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈɛː]

Letter

é (lower case, upper case É)

1. the ninth letter of the Czech alphabet, after e and before ě

Fala

Verb

é

1. third-person singular present indicative of sel

Galician

Etymology 1

From Latin est, inflected form of sum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛ/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

é

1. is; third-person singular present indicative of ser

   Esta árbore é dereita coma un fuso.

   This tree is straight as a spindle.

Etymology 2

Verb

é

1. third-person singular present indicative of ser

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of é – see 矮 (“short; low; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 矮).

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [ˈeː]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [ˈeː]

Letter

é (lower case, upper case É)

1. The tenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called é and written in the Latin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	é	é-k
accusative	é-t	é-ket
dative	é-nek	é-knek
instrumental	é-vel	é-kkel
causal-final	é-ért	é-kért
translative	é-vé	é-kké
terminative	é-ig	é-kig
essive-formal	é-ként	é-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	é-ben	é-kben
superessive	é-n	é-ken
adessive	é-nél	é-knél
illative	é-be	é-kbe
sublative	é-re	é-kre
allative	é-hez	é-khez
elative	é-ből	é-kből
delative	é-ről	é-kről
ablative	é-től	é-ktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	é-é	é-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	é-éi	é-kéi

Possessive forms of é
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	é-m	é-im
2nd person sing.	é-d	é-id
3rd person sing.	é-je	é-i
1st person plural	é-nk	é-ink
2nd person plural	é-tek	é-itek
3rd person plural	é-jük	é-ik

See also

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

Further reading

• é in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• é in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /jɛː/
• Rhymes: -jɛː

Letter

é (upper case É)

1. The seventh letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish é, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eː/, /ə/; (after ba) /jeː/

Pronoun

é (emphatic form eisean, disjunctive)

1. he, him
2. (referring to a masculine noun) it

See also

Irish personal pronouns

Number	Person (and gender)	Conjunctive (emphatic)	Disjunctive (emphatic)	Possessive determiner
Singular	First	mé (mise)		mo L m' before vowel sounds
	Second	tú (tusa)1	thú (thusa)	do L d' before vowel sounds
	Third masculine	sé (seisean)	é (eisean)	a L
	Third feminine	sí (sise)	í (ise)	a H
	Third neuter	—	ea	—
Plural	First	muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne)		ár E
	Second	sibh (sibhse)1		bhur E
	Third	siad (siadsan)	iad (iadsan)	a E

^L Triggers lenition ^E Triggers eclipsis ^H Triggers h-prothesis

¹ Also used as the vocative

The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun: e.g. "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eː/

Letter

é (upper case É)

1. The letter e with an acute accent, called é fada (literally “long e”)

Noun

é

1. The name of the Latin-script letter e.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litir; A a (Á á), B b (Bh bh, bhF bhf, bP bp), C c (Ch ch), D d (Dh dh, dT dt), E e (É é), F f (Fh fh), G g (gC gc, Gh gh), H h, I i (Í í), L l, M m (mB mb, Mh mh), N n (nD nd, nG ng), O o (Ó ó), P p (Ph ph), R r, S s (Sh sh), T t (Th th, tS ts), U u (Ú ú), V v
• (diacritics) ◌́ ◌̇
• (dotted letters used chiefly in Gaelic type) Ḃ ḃ, Ċ ċ, Ḋ ḋ, Ḟ ḟ, Ġ ġ, Ṁ ṁ, Ṗ ṗ, Ṡ ẛ ṡ, Ṫ ṫ
• (Latin-script letter names) litir; á, bé, cé, dé, é, eif, gé, héis, í, jé, cá, eil, eim, ein, ó, pé, cú, ear, eas, té, ú, vé, wae, ex, yé, zae
• Note: The English names are also widely used by Irish speakers.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
é	n-é	hé	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /e/

Letter

é (upper case É)

1. The letter ⟨e⟩ in a stressed final syllable when pronounced /e/.

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and é for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

é (lower case, upper case É)

1. The eighth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, àã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż

Ligurian

Verb

é

1. third-person singular present indicative of êse; “[​he/she/it​] is”

Lote

Numeral

é

1. one

Synonyms

• éllé

References

• Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)

Mandarin

Alternative forms

• e — nonstandard

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Romanization

é (e², Zhuyin ㄜˊ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 俄
2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 吪
3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哦
4. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 囫
5. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 娥
6. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峨
7. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峩
8. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 枙
9. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 涐
10. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 珴
11. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 皒
12. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 睋
13. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 硪
14. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 磀
15. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 莪
16. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蛾
17. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 訛／讹
18. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 誐／𰵮
19. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 譌／𰵑
20. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 讹
21. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 迗
22. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈋／𨱂
23. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鋧／𰽢
24. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 锄
25. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 隲
26. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 頟／额
27. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 額／额
28. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 额
29. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 騀／𱅗
30. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 魤
31. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵝／鹅
32. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵞／鹅
33. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鹅

Muong

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *ʔɛh. Cognate with Vietnamese ỉa (“to shit”).

In Mường Bi (and pretty much all Muong lects, per Ngữ âm tiếng Mường qua các phương ngôn), this word is both a verb and a noun, unlike the Vietnamese word, which is strictly verbal. The cognate of Vietnamese cứt seems to be lost in all Muong lects.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔɛ⁵/

Verb

é

1. (Mường Bi) to take a shit

Noun

é

1. (Mường Bi) shit

References

• Nguyễn Văn Khang, Bùi Chỉ, Hoàng Văn Hành (2002) Từ điển Mường - Việt (Muong - Vietnamese dictionary), Nhà xuất bản Văn hoá Dân tộc Hà Nội

Narua

Pronoun

é

1. he, she

Declension

NOM	é
ACC	alum
DAT	ékégébé
ABL	ékégélo
GEN	ékégé
COM	ékégélékobé

Noon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /e̘/

Letter

é (upper case É)

1. A letter of the Noon alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Old Galician-Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛ/

Verb

é

1. third-person singular present indicative of seer
   • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, To codex, cantiga 5 (facsimile):

     Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.

     This 19th is about how Holy Mary helped the empress of Rome suffer through the great pains she underwent.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• hé, hǽ

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eː/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *es or *ēs, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Pronoun

é (feminine sí, neuter ed, emphatic ésom)

1. he
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4^c3

     Is hé as airchinnech inna n-uile.

     It is he who is the chief of all.

2. it (referring to a masculine noun)
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5^b28

     Ní tú nod·n-ail, acht is hé not·ail.

     It is not you that nourishes it, but it that nourishes you.

Descendants

• Irish: sé, Irish: é
• Scottish Gaelic: e
• Manx: eh

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *eyes (nom. pl.) or *ens (acc. pl.) (compare Middle Welsh wy), from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Pronoun

é (emphatic ésom)

1. they
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4^a8

     Nitat pecthi collnidi híccatar and ind echt so cebtar hé riam.

     It is not fleshly sins that are paid for there now, though it was they before.

Old Spanish

Alternative forms

• e

Etymology

From Latin et.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /e/

Conjunction

é

1. and

Descendants

• Ladino: i
• Spanish: y

Picard

Etymology

From Old French ef, from Latin apem.

Noun

é f (plural és)

1. bee

   Ch’est unne é

   It’s a bee

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ/

• Rhymes: -ɛ
• Hyphenation: é

• Audio (Brazil - São Paulo)

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Latin est.

Alternative forms

• he (obsolete)

Verb

é

1. third-person singular present indicative of ser

Etymology 2

Noun

é m (plural és)

1. e (name of the letter E, e)

Alternative forms

• ê

Etymology 3

Interjection

é

1. that’s right; yes; yeah; indicates agreement

   É, eu fiz isso.

   Yeah, I did that.

2. erm; um; used in hesitant speech

   Synonyms: hã, hum

   É... você... quer sair comigo?

   Um... do you... wanna go out with me?

Alternative forms

• eh, he, éé, ééé, éééé, etc.

Rawang

Verb

é

1. hey, hi, you knowǃ.

   Bøø̀ go mvshìé.

   The snake is still alive.

Prefix

é

1. marker of speech act participant involvement, but speaker is not actor.

Slovene

Etymology 1

Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify long close-mid stressed vowel.

Pronunciation

• (sound): IPA^(key): /éː/, /èː/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /òːski èː/, /òːski éː/ (ozki e)
• Rhymes: -eː

Letter

é (upper case, lower case é)

1. Additional letter, used to denote the long stress on close-mid e.

Symbol

é

1. (non-tonal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [eː].

Etymology 2

Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify long low-pitched vowel.

Pronunciation

• (sound): IPA^(key): /ɛ́ː/, /ɛ̀ː/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /akutìːrani ʃirɔ̀ːki èː/, /akutìːrani ʃirɔ̀ːki éː/ (akutirani široki e)
• Rhymes: -eː

Symbol

é

1. (tonal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [ɛ̀ː].

Etymology 3

Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify short vowel.

Pronunciation

• (sound): IPA^(key): /ɛ/

Letter

é (lower case, usually not in upper case)

1. (Natisone Valley dialect) Additional letter, used in some words to denote the short stress on e.

Etymology 4

Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify stressed vowel.

Pronunciation

• (Resian, sound): IPA^(key): /ɛ/

Letter

é (upper case, lower case é)

1. (Resian) Additional letter, used to denote stress on e.

See also

• ë
• ē
• è
• e
• ê
• ȩ
• ɛ
• ḙ
• ė
• ẹ
• ə

References

• Toporišič, Jože (2000) Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. (in Slovene), Maribor: Obzorja, →ISBN
• Steenwijk, Han (1994) Ortografia resiana = Tö jošt rozajanskë pïsanjë (overall work in Italian and Slovene), Padua: CLEUP
• Špehonja, Nino (2012) Nediška gramatika‎^[1] (in Italian), Poligrafice San Marco

Spanish

Conjunction

é

1. Obsolete spelling of e

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈeː/

Letter

é

1. Form of e, used to mark that the letter is long and fully stressed.

Usage notes

• Although this is considered a variant of e and is not an independent letter in the Swedish alphabet, it distinguishes a few words such as idé (“idea”) and ide (“place of hibernation”).

Further reading

• é on the Swedish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^sv

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɛ˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɛ˨˩˦]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ʔɛ˦˥]

Noun

(classifier cây, hạt, hột) é • (薏)

1. (botany) lemon basil

   bé như hột é ― very small (literally, “as small as a lemon basil seed”)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /ˈɛ/

Letter

é (upper case É)

1. The letter E, marked for its short pronunciation when in a stressed final syllable of a polysyllabic word.